Florida International University, Department of Psychology, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC1 room 140, Miami, FL 33199, United States.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2011 Nov;31(7):1133-44. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2011.07.008. Epub 2011 Jul 28.
This paper reviews empirical evidence of the association between suicide-related behaviors and anxiety among children and adolescents. It begins with a review of suicide-related behaviors and anxiety, discusses methodological issues related to measurement, and reviews empirical findings published since the last review of this topic in 1988. Evidence is summarized on four criteria necessary to establish anxiety as a causal risk factor for suicide-related behaviors among children and adolescents. There is consistent evidence for a significant association between anxiety and suicide-related behaviors (Criterion 1). Evidence that the influence of anxiety on suicide-related behaviors is not due to a third variable (Criterion 2) is mixed and hindered by methodological limitations. The literature is also unclear as to whether anxiety temporally precedes suicide-related behaviors (Criterion 3). Finally, this review found no evidence to support or refute anxiety's stability independent of and across instances of suicide-related behaviors (Criterion 4). Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings and directions for future research are discussed.
本文综述了儿童和青少年自杀相关行为与焦虑之间关联的实证证据。文章首先回顾了自杀相关行为和焦虑，讨论了与测量相关的方法学问题，并综述了自 1988 年上一次该主题综述以来发表的实证发现。文章总结了确立焦虑是儿童和青少年自杀相关行为的因果风险因素所需的四个标准的证据。有充分证据表明焦虑与自杀相关行为之间存在显著关联（标准 1）。焦虑对自杀相关行为的影响并非源于第三个变量的证据（标准 2）较为混杂，受到方法学限制的阻碍。文献也不清楚焦虑是否先于自杀相关行为发生（标准 3）。最后，本综述未发现证据支持或反驳焦虑在独立于和跨越自杀相关行为的情况下具有稳定性（标准 4）。讨论了这些发现的理论和临床意义，以及未来研究的方向。
