Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
Injury. 2012 Jun;43(6):726-33. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.07.013. Epub 2011 Aug 17.
The purpose of this study was to translate and culturally adapt the Dutch version of the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire (SMFA-NL) and to investigate the internal consistency, validity, repeatability and responsiveness of the translated version. The original SMFA was first translated and culturally adapted from English into Dutch according to a standardised procedure and subsequently tested for clinimetric quality. The study population consisted of 162 patients treated for various musculoskeletal injuries or disorders at the departments of Orthopedics and Traumatology. All respondents filled in the SMFA-NL and the SF-36 and a region-specific questionnaire. To determine repeatability, 87 respondents filled in the SMFA-NL for a second time after a time interval of three to four weeks. To determine responsiveness, 29 respondents who were treated for their injury within three months before the first assessment filled in the SMFA-NL for a second time after two to three months. The following analyses were performed to evaluate clinimetric quality of the SMFA-NL: factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha (internal consistency), floor and ceiling effects, Spearman's Rho (construct validity), intraclass correlation coefficients and the Bland & Altman method (repeatability), and standardised response means (SRM) (responsiveness). Factor analysis demonstrated four subscales of the SMFA-NL. Both the newly identified subscales of the SMFA-NL and the conventional subscales of the SMFA showed good internal consistency. No floor and some ceiling effects were found. Construct validity was good, as high correlations were found between the subscales of the SMFA-NL and the respective subscales of the SF-36 and the region-specific questionnaires. Repeatability of the SMFA-NL subscales was high, with no systematic bias between first and second assessment. Responsiveness of the SMFA-NL was moderate, as small to moderate SRMs were found. We successfully translated and culturally adapted a Dutch version of the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire (SFMA-NL). This study shows that the SMFA-NL is a valid, reliable and moderately responsive method for the assessment of functional status of patients who have a broad range of musculoskeletal disorders. Furthermore, it will allow for comparison between different patient groups as well as for cross-cultural comparisons.
本研究旨在翻译并文化调适荷兰版短式肌肉骨骼功能评估问卷（SMFA-NL），并调查其经翻译版本的内部一致性、有效性、可重复性和反应度。原始的 SMFA 首先根据标准化程序从英文翻译成荷兰文，随后测试其临床计量学质量。研究人群由在矫形外科和创伤科接受各种肌肉骨骼损伤或疾病治疗的 162 名患者组成。所有受访者均填写了 SMFA-NL 和 SF-36 以及特定区域的问卷。为了确定可重复性，87 名受访者在 3 至 4 周的时间间隔后第二次填写 SMFA-NL。为了确定反应度，在首次评估前三个月内接受治疗的 29 名受访者在 2 至 3 个月后第二次填写了 SMFA-NL。为了评估 SMFA-NL 的临床计量学质量，进行了以下分析：因子分析和克朗巴赫α（内部一致性）、地板和天花板效应、斯皮尔曼 rho（结构有效性）、组内相关系数和 Bland & Altman 方法（可重复性）以及标准化反应均值（SRM）（反应度）。因子分析显示 SMFA-NL 有四个分量表。SMFA-NL 的新确定分量表和 SMFA 的传统分量表均具有良好的内部一致性。发现一些地板和天花板效应。结构有效性良好，因为 SMFA-NL 的分量表与 SF-36 和特定区域问卷的各自分量表之间存在高相关性。SMFA-NL 分量表的可重复性较高，在首次和第二次评估之间没有系统偏差。SMFA-NL 的反应度为中等，因为发现小到中度的 SRM。我们成功地翻译并文化调适了荷兰版短式肌肉骨骼功能评估问卷（SMFA-NL）。本研究表明，SMFA-NL 是一种有效的、可靠的、反应适度的方法，可用于评估患有广泛肌肉骨骼疾病的患者的功能状态。此外，它将允许在不同的患者群体之间进行比较，以及进行跨文化比较。
