Núcleo de Pesquisas Tecnológicas, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, São Paulo, BR.
Biomed Eng Online. 2011 Aug 19;10:74. doi: 10.1186/1475-925X-10-74.
Recent studies indicate that the blue-yellow colour discrimination is impaired in ADHD individuals. However, the relationship between colour and performance has not been investigated. This paper describes the development and the testing of a virtual environment that is capable to quantify the influence of red-green versus blue-yellow colour stimuli on the performance of people in a fun and interactive way, being appropriate for the target audience.
An interactive computer game based on virtual reality was developed to evaluate the performance of the players.The game's storyline was based on the story of an old pirate who runs across islands and dangerous seas in search of a lost treasure. Within the game, the player must find and interpret the hints scattered in different scenarios. Two versions of this game were implemented. In the first, hints and information boards were painted using red and green colours. In the second version, these objects were painted using blue and yellow colours. For modelling, texturing, and animating virtual characters and objects the three-dimensional computer graphics tool Blender 3D was used. The textures were created with the GIMP editor to provide visual effects increasing the realism and immersion of the players. The games were tested on 20 non-ADHD volunteers who were divided into two subgroups (A1 and A2) and 20 volunteers with ADHD who were divided into subgroups B1 and B2. Subgroups A1 and B1 used the first version of the game with the hints painted in green-red colors, and subgroups A2 and B2 the second version using the same hints now painted in blue-yellow. The time spent to complete each task of the game was measured.
Data analyzed with ANOVA two-way and posthoc TUKEY LSD showed that the use of blue/yellow instead of green/red colors decreased the game performance of all participants. However, a greater decrease in performance could be observed with ADHD participants where tasks, that require attention, were most affected.
The game proved to be a user-friendly tool capable to detect and quantify the influence of color on the performance of people executing tasks that require attention and showed to be attractive for people with ADHD.
最近的研究表明，ADHD 个体的蓝黄颜色辨别能力受损。然而，颜色与表现之间的关系尚未得到研究。本文描述了一种虚拟现实环境的开发和测试，该环境能够以有趣和互动的方式定量评估红-绿与蓝-黄颜色刺激对人们表现的影响，适合目标受众。
开发了一种基于虚拟现实的互动电脑游戏，以评估玩家的表现。游戏的故事情节基于一个老海盗的故事，他在寻找失落的宝藏的过程中穿越岛屿和危险的海洋。在游戏中，玩家必须找到并解释散布在不同场景中的提示。该游戏有两个版本。在第一个版本中，提示和信息板使用红色和绿色绘制。在第二个版本中，这些物体使用蓝色和黄色绘制。对于建模、纹理和动画虚拟角色和物体，使用了三维计算机图形工具 Blender 3D。使用 GIMP 编辑器创建纹理，以提供增加玩家真实感和沉浸感的视觉效果。该游戏在 20 名非 ADHD 志愿者（分为 A1 和 A2 两组）和 20 名 ADHD 志愿者（分为 B1 和 B2 两组）上进行了测试。A1 和 B1 组使用提示用绿-红颜色绘制的第一个版本的游戏，A2 和 B2 组使用相同的提示，现在用蓝-黄颜色绘制。测量完成游戏每个任务所用的时间。
使用方差分析双因素和事后 Tukey LSD 进行数据分析表明，使用蓝/黄代替绿/红颜色会降低所有参与者的游戏表现。然而，在需要注意力的任务中，ADHD 参与者的表现下降更为明显。
该游戏被证明是一种用户友好的工具，能够检测和量化颜色对执行需要注意力的任务的人的表现的影响，并且对 ADHD 患者具有吸引力。
