BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, 126 University Place, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK.
Vascul Pharmacol. 2011 Oct;55(4):69-78. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2011.08.002. Epub 2011 Aug 11.
Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) offer broad potential for regenerative medicine owing to their capacity for self renewal, exponential scale up and differentiation into any cell type in the adult body. hESC have been proposed as a potentially unlimited source for the generation of transplantable, healthy, functional vascular cells for repair of ischemic tissues. To optimally harness this potential necessitates precise control over biological processes that govern maintenance, pluripotency and cell differentiation including signalling cascades, gene expression profiles and epigenetic modification. Such control may be elicited by microRNAs, which are powerful negative regulators of gene expression. Here, we review the role for miRNAs in both the maintenance of pluripotency and differentiation of cells to a cardiovascular lineage including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and cardiomyocytes and put this into context for regenerative medicine in the cardiovascular system.
人类胚胎干细胞（hESC）由于其自我更新、指数级扩增和分化为成体体内任何细胞类型的能力，为再生医学提供了广泛的潜力。hESC 被提议作为一种潜在的无限来源，用于生成可移植的、健康的、功能正常的血管细胞，以修复缺血组织。为了最佳地利用这一潜力，需要精确控制调控维持、多能性和细胞分化的生物学过程，包括信号级联、基因表达谱和表观遗传修饰。这种控制可以通过 microRNAs 来实现，microRNAs 是基因表达的强大负调控因子。在这里，我们回顾了 microRNAs 在维持多能性和细胞分化为心血管谱系（包括内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞和心肌细胞）中的作用，并将其置于心血管系统再生医学的背景下。
