Laboratory of Vascular Pathology and Regeneration, School of Clinical Sciences-Regenerative Medicine Section, University of Bristol, Bristol, England, UK.
Vascul Pharmacol. 2011 Oct;55(4):79-86. doi: 10.1016/j.vph.2011.06.006. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
The term angiogenesis derives from the Greek words 'angeio' meaning blood vessel, and 'genesis' meaning production or birth, together referring to the creation of blood vessels within the body. This term has been used to generally indicate the growth and remodeling process of the primitive vascular network into a complex network during pre-natal development. After birth, reparative angiogenesis is activated during wound healing and in response to ischemia, while pathological angiogenesis contributes to tumor growth and metastasis, arthritis and ocular diseases, such as diabetic retinopathy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, small, non-coding RNAs that control gene expression by acting on target mRNAs for promoting either their degradation or translational repression. There is increasing evidence that miRNAs play important roles in vascular development as well as in vascular diseases. In this review, we aim at describing the role of miRNAs in angiogenesis, focusing, in particular, on post-ischemic neovascularization. First, we will describe the regulation and the expression of miRNAs in endothelial cells. Then, we will analyze the role of miRNAs in reparative and pathological angiogenesis. Finally, we will discuss the innovative strategies available to inhibit the level of pathogenic anti-angiogenic miRNAs and to increase expression of therapeutic miRNAs.
血管生成这个术语源自希腊语“angeio”表示血管，“genesis”表示产生或诞生，共同表示体内血管的生成。这个术语通常用于表示胚胎发育过程中原始血管网络向复杂网络的生长和重塑过程。出生后，创伤愈合和缺血时会激活修复性血管生成，而病理性血管生成则促进肿瘤生长和转移、关节炎和眼部疾病，如糖尿病性视网膜病变。microRNAs (miRNAs) 是一类内源性、小、非编码的 RNA，通过作用于靶 mRNAs 促进其降解或翻译抑制来控制基因表达。越来越多的证据表明 miRNAs 在血管发育以及血管疾病中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们旨在描述 miRNAs 在血管生成中的作用，特别是聚焦于缺血后新血管生成。首先，我们将描述内皮细胞中 miRNAs 的调控和表达。然后，我们将分析 miRNAs 在修复性和病理性血管生成中的作用。最后，我们将讨论抑制致病性抗血管生成 miRNAs 水平和增加治疗性 miRNAs 表达的创新策略。
