Lieberman J A, Kinon B J, Loebel A D
Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY 11004.
Schizophr Bull. 1990;16(1):97-110. doi: 10.1093/schbul/16.1.97.
Stimulant drugs such as cocaine and amphetamine are among the most commonly abused substances by schizophrenic patients. This may be due in part to aspects of the illness and treatment side effects that impel patients to use dopamine agonist drugs. Dopaminergic neural systems have been shown to mediate both stimulant drug effects and schizophrenia. Because of the hypothesized overlap in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and the neurobiological effects of chronic stimulant use, the potential for serious complication of the primary disease by substance abuse exists. This article reviews the neurobiological mechanisms of behavioral sensitization and neurotoxicity associated with chronic stimulant administration in the context of pathophysiological theories of schizophrenia. Discussion focuses on the potential impact of stimulant use on the disease process as well as the manifest phenomenology and course of schizophrenia.
可卡因和苯丙胺等兴奋剂药物是精神分裂症患者最常滥用的物质之一。这可能部分归因于疾病本身的一些方面以及治疗副作用，这些因素促使患者使用多巴胺激动剂药物。多巴胺能神经系统已被证明介导兴奋剂药物效应和精神分裂症。由于精神分裂症的病理生理学与长期使用兴奋剂的神经生物学效应之间存在假设的重叠，因此存在药物滥用导致原发性疾病严重并发症的可能性。本文在精神分裂症病理生理学理论的背景下，综述了与长期使用兴奋剂相关的行为敏化和神经毒性的神经生物学机制。讨论的重点是使用兴奋剂对疾病进程的潜在影响以及精神分裂症的明显症状学和病程。
