School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Mar;44(3):516-24. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0b013e318231c176.
It has now been established that exercise performed under various environmental conditions may affect acute energy intake and appetite-related hormones. The exact mechanism linking acute energy intake and exercise remains unknown, although indirect evidence suggests a possible role for hydration status. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of exercise and hydration status on subsequent energy intake and appetite-related hormones.
In a randomized, counterbalanced design, 10 physically active males completed three experimental trials in a fasted state: exercise when hydrated (0%-1% of body mass), exercise when dehydrated (-1% to -2% of body mass), and a hydrated resting control. Exercise consisted of treadmill running for 45 min at 70% VO2peak. Participants were then given access to a buffet-style breakfast from which they could consume ad libitum. Blood was sampled regularly during trials for appetite-related hormones.
There were no significant differences in total energy intake between trials (P = 0.491); however, relative energy intake was significantly higher in the control (4839 ± 415 kJ, P < 0.001) compared to hydrated (1749 ± 403 kJ) and dehydrated exercise (1656 ± 413 kJ) conditions. Exercise performed in a dehydrated state resulted in significantly lower concentrations of ghrelin compared with control (P = 0.045) and hydrated exercise conditions (P = 0.014).
Exercise significantly decreased relative energy intake compared with resting control; however, energy intake (relative and total) was no different between the exercise conditions (dehydrated vs hydrated). Despite similar energy intake between trials, exercise in a dehydrated state resulted in a significantly lower concentration of ghrelin, a hormone responsible for stimulating appetite.
现已证实,在各种环境条件下进行的运动可能会影响急性能量摄入和与食欲相关的激素。将急性能量摄入与运动联系起来的确切机制尚不清楚,尽管间接证据表明水合状态可能起作用。因此,本研究的目的是调查运动和水合状态对随后的能量摄入和与食欲相关的激素的相互作用。
在一项随机、对照设计中,10 名身体活跃的男性在空腹状态下完成了三项实验性试验:水合状态下的运动(体重的 0%-1%)、脱水状态下的运动(体重的-1%至-2%)和水合状态下的休息对照。运动包括以 70%VO2peak 的速度在跑步机上跑步 45 分钟。然后,参与者可以自由选择自助餐式早餐。在试验过程中定期采集血液样本,以检测与食欲相关的激素。
试验之间的总能量摄入没有显著差异(P = 0.491);然而,与水合(1749 ± 403 kJ)和脱水运动(1656 ± 413 kJ)相比,对照(4839 ± 415 kJ,P < 0.001)条件下的相对能量摄入明显更高。与对照(P = 0.045)和水合运动条件(P = 0.014)相比,脱水运动时的胃饥饿素浓度显著降低。
与休息对照相比,运动显著降低了相对能量摄入;然而,运动条件之间(脱水与水合)的能量摄入(相对和总)没有差异。尽管试验之间的能量摄入相似,但在脱水状态下运动导致胃饥饿素浓度显著降低,胃饥饿素是一种刺激食欲的激素。