在尼日利亚卡诺的一家三级医院就诊的孕妇的风疹感染血清流行率及危险因素。
Seroprevalence and risk factors for rubella infection in pregnant women attending a tertiary hospital in Kano-Nigeria.
机构信息
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria.
出版信息
Pan Afr Med J. 2023 Dec 4;46:97. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2023.46.97.39433. eCollection 2023.
INTRODUCTION
rubella is a leading cause of vaccine preventable birth defects especially in developing countries. Acquisition of infection with the rubella virus in early pregnancy exposes the fetus to a very high chance of developing congenital rubella syndrome. The neonate is born with multiple abnormalities with the triad of congenital cataract, deafness and cardiovascular abnormalities like ventricular septal defect or patent ductus arteriosus. Limited data exist on the seroprevalence of rubella antibodies in pregnant women in Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of rubella antibodies in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano State.
METHODS
the study was a cross-sectional study involving one hundred and sixty-three pregnant women attending antenatal clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital in Kano, Nigeria. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic data and risk factors. Blood samples were taken from consenting pregnant women during antenatal care and samples were subjected to antibody testing (IgG and IgM). Descriptive analysis was done for sociodemographic data and seroprevalence of rubella. Chi-square tests were used to determine associations.
RESULTS
one hundred and sixty-three pregnant women were recruited for the study. The participants´ age ranged from 18 to 41 years with mean age of 27.60±5.7 years. The overall rubella seroprevalence was found to be 68.7%. The seroprevalence of specific anti-Rubella virus IgM and IgG was found to be 58.4% and 37.3% respectively while prevalence of having both anti-Rubella virus IgG and IgM in the women was found to be 26.4%. Non-formal education and immunodeficiency was found to be associated with rubella infection (P-value of 0.018 and 0.001 respectively).
CONCLUSION
the study found a high prevalence of anti-Rubella virus immunoglobulins in asymptomatic pregnant women attending antenatal care in our facility with immunodeficiency and non-formal education found to be significant risk factors.
简介
风疹是导致可通过疫苗预防的出生缺陷的主要原因，尤其是在发展中国家。孕妇在妊娠早期感染风疹病毒，胎儿极有可能患上先天性风疹综合征。新生儿出生时会出现多种畸形，三联征包括先天性白内障、耳聋和心血管异常，如室间隔缺损或动脉导管未闭。尼日利亚孕妇风疹抗体血清阳性率的相关数据有限。本研究旨在确定在卡诺州阿米努·卡诺教学医院就诊的孕妇的风疹抗体血清阳性率。
方法
本研究为横断面研究，共纳入 163 名在尼日利亚卡诺州阿米努·卡诺教学医院就诊的孕妇。采用问卷调查收集社会人口统计学资料和危险因素。在产前护理期间，从同意的孕妇中抽取血液样本，并进行抗体检测（IgG 和 IgM）。对社会人口统计学数据和风疹的血清阳性率进行描述性分析。采用卡方检验确定关联。
结果
共招募了 163 名孕妇参与本研究。参与者年龄在 18 至 41 岁之间，平均年龄为 27.60±5.7 岁。风疹的总血清阳性率为 68.7%。抗风疹病毒 IgM 和 IgG 的血清阳性率分别为 58.4%和 37.3%，而同时具有抗风疹病毒 IgG 和 IgM 的妇女的患病率为 26.4%。非正规教育和免疫缺陷与风疹感染相关（P 值分别为 0.018 和 0.001）。
结论
本研究发现，在我们的医疗机构中，接受产前护理的无症状孕妇抗风疹病毒免疫球蛋白的阳性率较高，免疫缺陷和非正规教育是显著的危险因素。
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