Rebelo Fernanda Maciel, Caldas Eloísa Dutra, Heliodoro Viviane de Oliveira, Rebelo Rafaela Maciel
Agencia Nacional deVigilância Sanitária, Guará. Brasília DF.
Cien Saude Colet. 2011 Aug;16(8):3493-502. doi: 10.1590/s1413-81232011000900017.
Exposure to toxic substances, including pesticides, can cause irreversible damage to humans, including death, and is therefore considered a serious public health problem worldwide. This is a retrospective study using data gathered by the Toxicological Information and Assistance Center of Brazil's Federal District (Ciat-DF) between 2004 and 2007. During this period, 709 intoxications with pesticide occurred in the DF and were analyzed in this study. Fifty-one percent of the intoxicated individuals were men; the events occurred mostly in the home (91%), in the urban area (86.3%) and by ingestion (84%). Children from 1 to 4 years of age and adults from 20 to 39 years were involved in 30% and 36% of the cases, respectively. Accidental intoxication corresponded to 47.1% of the cases, followed by attempted suicide (44.2%). The illegal rodenticide known as "chumbinho", the main ingredient of which is carbamate insecticide aldicarb, was involved in 35.1% of the cases, mostly in suicide attempts. In eighteen cases, the intoxicated individuals died after exposure to the pesticides, namely 15 suicides and 3 accidental poisonings. When compared with other data sources, this study identified a high level of underreporting to the Ciat-DF of intoxication by pesticide during the period under study.
接触包括农药在内的有毒物质会对人类造成不可逆转的损害,甚至导致死亡,因此被视为全球严重的公共卫生问题。这是一项回顾性研究,使用了巴西联邦区毒理学信息与援助中心(Ciat-DF)在2004年至2007年期间收集的数据。在此期间,联邦区发生了709起农药中毒事件,并在本研究中进行了分析。51%的中毒者为男性;事件大多发生在家中(91%)、城市地区(86.3%),且多因摄入(84%)。1至4岁的儿童和20至39岁的成年人分别占病例的30%和36%。意外中毒占病例的47.1%,其次是自杀未遂(44.2%)。主要成分是氨基甲酸酯类杀虫剂涕灭威的非法杀鼠剂“chumbinho”涉及35.1%的病例,大多与自杀未遂有关。在18起病例中,中毒者在接触农药后死亡,即15起自杀和3起意外中毒。与其他数据来源相比,本研究发现,在所研究的时期内,向Ciat-DF报告的农药中毒情况存在大量漏报。