Division of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Vet Parasitol. 2011 Nov 24;182(1):79-95. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.017. Epub 2011 Jul 14.
Diseases resulting from zoonotic transmission of parasites are common. Humans become infected through food, water, soil and close contact with animals. Most parasitic zoonoses are neglected diseases despite causing a considerable global burden of ill health in humans and having a substantial financial burden on livestock industries. This review aims to bring together the current data available on global burden estimates of parasitic zoonoses and indicate any changes in the trends of these diseases. There is a clear need of such information as interventions to control zoonoses are often in their animal hosts. The costs of such interventions together with animal health issues will drive the cost effectiveness of intervention strategies. What is apparent is that collectively, parasitic zoonoses probably have a similar human disease burden to any one of the big three human infectious diseases: malaria, tuberculosis or HIV in addition to animal health burden. Although the global burden for most parasitic zoonoses is not yet known, the major contributors to the global burden of parasitic zoonoses are toxoplasmosis, food borne trematode infections, cysticercosis, echinococcosis, leishmaniosis and zoonotic schistosomosis. In addition, diarrhoea resulting from zoonotic protozoa may have a significant impact.
由寄生虫人畜共患病传播引起的疾病很常见。人类通过食物、水、土壤和与动物的密切接触而感染。尽管大多数寄生虫人畜共患病给人类健康造成了相当大的全球负担，并给畜牧业带来了巨大的经济负担，但它们仍是被忽视的疾病。本综述旨在汇集目前关于寄生虫人畜共患病全球负担估计的数据，并指出这些疾病趋势的任何变化。由于控制人畜共患病的干预措施通常针对动物宿主，因此非常需要此类信息。这些干预措施的成本以及动物健康问题将决定干预策略的成本效益。显而易见的是，寄生虫人畜共患病可能与疟疾、结核病或 HIV 等三大人类传染病之一对人类健康的影响相当，此外还会对动物健康造成负担。尽管大多数寄生虫人畜共患病的全球负担尚不清楚，但寄生虫人畜共患病全球负担的主要贡献者是弓形虫病、食源性吸虫感染、囊虫病、包虫病、利什曼病和动物源血吸虫病。此外，由人畜共患原虫引起的腹泻也可能产生重大影响。
