Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, MitoLab, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Nov;22(11):458-66. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Aug 19.
The farnesoid X receptor (FXR) is a nuclear receptor whose activation leads to alterations in pathways involved in energy metabolism. For example, it serves as a bile acid receptor in tissues such as the liver, and as an energy metabolism regulator in liver, muscle and adipose tissue. However, the effects of FXR activation are not exclusive to the tissue where it is present, because receptor crosstalk affects tissues throughout the body. It has been demonstrated that FXR regulates the metabolism of not just bile acids, but also of fats and hydrocarbon metabolites. FXR is currently under study as a therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases of excess, such as diabetes. Here we review the effects of FXR activation in the response of an organism to excess energy.
法尼醇 X 受体（FXR）是一种核受体，其激活会导致能量代谢相关途径的改变。例如，它在肝脏等组织中作为胆汁酸受体，在肝脏、肌肉和脂肪组织中作为能量代谢调节剂。然而，FXR 激活的作用不仅限于其存在的组织，因为受体串扰会影响全身的组织。已经证明，FXR 不仅调节胆汁酸的代谢，还调节脂肪和碳氢化合物代谢物的代谢。FXR 目前正在作为治疗过度疾病（如糖尿病）的治疗靶点进行研究。在这里，我们综述了 FXR 激活对机体应对能量过剩的影响。
