CIMAR/CIIMAR, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, 4050-123, Porto, Portugal.
Amino Acids. 2012 Jun;42(6):2473-9. doi: 10.1007/s00726-011-1057-1. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
The tailor made amino acid β-N-methyl-amino-L-alanine (BMAA) is a neurotoxin produced by cyanobacteria. It has been associated with certain forms of progressive neurodegenerative disease, including sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. Some different reports of BMAA in cyanobacterial blooms from lakes, reservoirs, and other water resources have been made by different investigators. We here report the detection of BMAA of both free and protein-bound produced by cyanobacteria, belonging to the Chroococcales, Oscillatoriales and Nostocales ordered. We use a rapid and sensitive HPLC-FD method that utilizes methanol elution and the Waters AQC Tag chemistry. On other hand, we have used three different assay procedures for BMAA extraction from cyanobacteria: Trichloroacetic acid (TCA), Methanol/Acetone and hydrochloric acid (HCl). All assays let successfully detect BMAA in all cyanobacteria samples analyzed. Nevertheless, with TCA and HCl extraction procedures the highest BMAA values, for free as well as protein-bound BMAA were detected. BMAA content could not be related to the taxonomy of the isolates or to their geographical origin, and no correlation between free and protein-bound BMAA concentrations were observed within or between taxonomic groups. These data offer confirmation of the taxonomic and geographic ubiquity of BMAA from naturally occurring populations of cyanobacteria, for the first time reported for estuaries.
裁缝制造的氨基酸β-N-甲基-氨基-L-丙氨酸（BMAA）是一种由蓝藻产生的神经毒素。它与某些形式的进行性神经退行性疾病有关，包括散发性肌萎缩侧索硬化症和阿尔茨海默病。不同的研究者已经在湖泊、水库和其他水资源中的蓝藻水华报告了不同的 BMAA 报告。我们在这里报告了由蓝藻产生的游离和结合蛋白的 BMAA 的检测，这些蓝藻属于色球藻目、颤藻目和念珠藻目。我们使用快速灵敏的 HPLC-FD 方法，利用甲醇洗脱和沃特世 AQC Tag 化学。另一方面，我们使用了三种不同的测定程序从蓝藻中提取 BMAA：三氯乙酸（TCA）、甲醇/丙酮和盐酸（HCl）。所有的测定都成功地检测到了所有分析的蓝藻样品中的 BMAA。然而，用 TCA 和 HCl 提取程序检测到游离和结合的 BMAA 的 BMAA 值最高。BMAA 含量与分离物的分类或它们的地理来源无关，并且在分类群内或之间都没有观察到游离和结合的 BMAA 浓度之间的相关性。这些数据首次在河口地区报告了自然发生的蓝藻种群中 BMAA 的分类和地理普遍性的证实。
