Watkins C Edward
Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle #311280, Psychology, UNT, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA.
Psychoanal Rev. 2011 Aug;98(4):557-90. doi: 10.1521/prev.2011.98.4.557.
The psychoanalytic supervision relationship is examined as a tripartite phenomenon, comprised of the supervisory alliance, transference-countertransference configuration, and real relationship. While most supervisory analysts would readily acknowledge that a real (or personal) relationship element exists in analytic supervision, that facet of the supervision relationship has not routinely been incorporated into considerations of psychoanalytic supervision. In this vision of supervision, real relationship, supervisory alliance, and transference-countertransference configuration are presented as integral and complementary constructs that define psychoanalytic supervision. Each of those three components is examined briefly with regard to its beginnings, evolution, and contemporary status; each component is also considered from an empirical perspective. While we have a growing quantitative and qualitative research foundation that supports psychoanalytic practice, psychoanalytic supervision has largely been ignored as a subject and object of scientific study. Supervisory alliance, transference-countertransference configuration, and real relationship are explored as research ready variables. Some clinical hypotheses--eminently testable and worthy of investigation--are proposed with regard to each component of the model, and some ideas--albeit tentative and preliminary--about how to initiate such inquiries are offered.
精神分析督导关系被视为一种三方现象，由督导联盟、移情 - 反移情结构和现实关系组成。虽然大多数督导分析师会欣然承认在分析督导中存在一个现实（或个人）关系元素，但督导关系的这一方面并未常规地纳入精神分析督导的考量之中。在这种督导视角下，现实关系、督导联盟和移情 - 反移情结构被呈现为定义精神分析督导的不可或缺且相互补充的结构。这三个组成部分中的每一个都将简要考察其起源、演变和当代状况；每个组成部分也将从实证角度进行考量。虽然我们有越来越多支持精神分析实践的定量和定性研究基础，但精神分析督导在很大程度上被忽视，未成为科学研究的主题和对象。督导联盟、移情 - 反移情结构和现实关系被作为适合研究的变量进行探讨。针对该模型的每个组成部分提出了一些极具可测试性且值得研究的临床假设，并提供了一些关于如何开展此类探究的想法——尽管这些想法是试探性和初步的。
