Mahfouz Magdy M, Li Lixin
Center for Plant Stress Genomics and Technology, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
GM Crops. 2011 Apr-Jun;2(2):99-103. doi: 10.4161/gmcr.2.2.17254. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
Site-specific and adaptable DNA binding domains are essential modules to develop genome engineering technologies for crop improvement. Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs) proteins are used to provide a highly specific and adaptable DNA binding modules. TALE chimeric nucleases (TALENs) were used to generate site-specific double strand breaks (DSBs) in vitro and in yeast, Caenorhabditis elegans, mammalian and plant cells. The genomic DSBs can be generated at predefined and user-selected loci and repaired by either the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) or homology dependent repair (HDR). Thus, TALENs can be used to achieve site-specific gene addition, stacking, deletion or inactivation. TALE-based genome engineering tools should be powerful to develop new agricultural biotechnology approaches for crop improvement. Here, we discuss the recent research and the potential applications of TALENs to accelerate the generation of genomic variants through targeted mutagenesis and to produce a non-transgenic GM crops with the desired phenotype.
位点特异性且可适应的DNA结合结构域是开发用于作物改良的基因组工程技术的关键模块。转录激活样效应因子（TALEs）蛋白用于提供高度特异性且可适应的DNA结合模块。TALE嵌合核酸酶（TALENs）被用于在体外以及酵母、秀丽隐杆线虫、哺乳动物和植物细胞中产生位点特异性双链断裂（DSB）。基因组DSB可以在预先定义且用户选择的位点产生，并通过非同源末端连接（NHEJ）或同源依赖性修复（HDR）进行修复。因此，TALENs可用于实现位点特异性基因添加、堆叠、缺失或失活。基于TALE的基因组工程工具对于开发用于作物改良的新农业生物技术方法应该具有强大作用。在此，我们讨论TALENs的最新研究及其通过靶向诱变加速基因组变异产生以及培育具有所需表型的非转基因转基因作物的潜在应用。
