Faria Josias C, Carneiro Geraldo E S, Aragão Francisco J L
Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, Santo Antônio de Goiás, Goiás, Brazil.
GM Crops. 2010 Mar-Apr;1(2):94-8. doi: 10.4161/gmcr.1.2.11609.
Gene flow is a common phenomenon even in self-pollinated plant species. With the advent of genetically modified plants this subject has become of the utmost importance due to the need for controlling the spread of transgenes. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence and intensity of outcrossing in transgenic common beans. In order to evaluate the outcross rates, four experiments were conducted in Santo Antonio de Goiás (GO, Brazil) and one in Londrina (PR, Brazil), using transgenic cultivars resistant to the herbicide glufosinate ammonium and their conventional counterparts as recipients of the transgene. Experiments with cv. Olathe Pinto and the transgenic line Olathe M1/4 were conducted in a completely randomized design with ten replications for three years in one location, whereas the experiments with cv. Pérola and the transgenic line Pérola M1/4 were conducted at two locations for one year, with the transgenic cultivar surrounded on all sides by the conventional counterpart. The outcross occurred at a negligible rate of 0.00741% in cv. Pérola, while none was observed (0.0%) in cv. Olathe Pinto. The frequency of gene flow was cultivar dependent and most of the observed outcross was within 2.5 m from the edge of the pollen source. Index terms: Phaseolus vulgaris, outcross, glufosinate ammonium.
基因流动是一种常见现象，即使在自花授粉植物物种中也是如此。随着转基因植物的出现，由于需要控制转基因的传播，这个问题变得至关重要。本研究旨在确定转基因普通菜豆异交的发生率和强度。为了评估异交率，在巴西戈亚斯州的圣安东尼奥进行了四项实验，在巴西巴拉那州的隆德里纳进行了一项实验，使用抗草铵膦除草剂的转基因品种及其常规对应品种作为转基因的受体。对奥拉西平托品种和转基因品系奥拉西M1/4进行的实验采用完全随机设计，在一个地点进行了三年，每次重复十次；而对佩罗拉品种和转基因品系佩罗拉M1/4进行的实验在两个地点进行了一年，转基因品种被常规对应品种四面环绕。佩罗拉品种的异交率极低，为0.00741%，而奥拉西平托品种未观察到异交（0.0%）。基因流动的频率取决于品种，观察到的大多数异交发生在距花粉源边缘2.5米以内。关键词：菜豆、异交、草铵膦。
