Oslo, Norway From Norwegian Social Research; the Norwegian Institute of Public Health; the Department of Psychology, University of Oslo; and the Colosseum Clinic.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2011 Sep;128(3):765-772. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31822213f0.
Most studies examining psychosocial changes after cosmetic surgery have short follow-up periods and therefore provide limited information about long-term effects of such surgery. Moreover, studies that identify whether preexisting patient characteristics are associated with poor psychosocial outcomes after cosmetic surgery are lacking. The current study provides information about both of these issues.
Questionnaire data from 130 female Norwegian cosmetic surgery patients were obtained before and 5 years after surgery. The questionnaire consisted of measures on appearance satisfaction, self-esteem, psychological problems, and patients' evaluation of the outcome of surgery. Data from a representative sample of 838 Norwegian women, aged 22 to 55 years, were used for comparison purposes.
Analyses revealed an improvement in both general appearance satisfaction and satisfaction with the body part operated on 5 years after surgery. A small increase in self-esteem was observed as well. High rates of preoperative psychological problems and low self-esteem were related to more negative changes in some of the psychosocial measures after surgery compared with patients with better psychological health. Furthermore, factors associated with the actual decision to undergo surgery were related to changes in psychological health and patients' evaluation of the outcome of surgery.
This study indicates that cosmetic surgery has positive long-term effects on appearance-related variables. However, surgeons should be particularly aware of patients with psychological problems, as these may compromise patient satisfaction with the effects of cosmetic surgery. Factors affecting the decision itself to undergo cosmetic surgery may also be relevant for subsequent psychosocial outcomes.
CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic, II.
大多数研究美容手术后心理社会变化的研究随访时间较短，因此提供的关于手术长期效果的信息有限。此外，缺乏研究确定术前患者特征是否与美容手术后不良心理社会结局相关。本研究提供了这两方面的信息。
从 130 名挪威女性美容手术患者中获得手术前和术后 5 年的问卷调查数据。问卷包括对容貌满意度、自尊、心理问题以及患者对手术结果的评价的测量。使用年龄在 22 至 55 岁之间的 838 名挪威女性的代表性样本数据进行比较。
分析显示，手术后 5 年，一般容貌满意度和对手术部位的满意度均有所改善。自尊也略有提高。术前心理问题发生率高和自尊水平低与手术前后某些心理社会指标的负面变化相关，与心理健康状况较好的患者相比，这些变化更为明显。此外，与实际手术决策相关的因素与心理健康和患者对手术结果的评价的变化相关。
本研究表明，美容手术对与容貌相关的变量具有积极的长期影响。然而，外科医生应特别注意有心理问题的患者，因为这些问题可能会影响患者对美容手术效果的满意度。影响决定接受美容手术本身的因素也可能与随后的心理社会结局相关。
临床问题/证据水平：治疗性，II 级。
