Turusov V S
Arkh Patol. 1990;52(1):71-8.
Review deals with the use of the antibodies against protein S-100 in the diagnosis of tumours in man and experimental animals. Protein S-100 was first isolated from the bovine brain and then identified in glial and Schwann cells of the nervous system, epidermal Langerhans cells, myoepithelial cells of the salivary and mammary glands and in many other cells of various organs. In spite of the lack of specificity to any tissue antibodies against protein S-100 are widely used in the diagnosis of human tumours, mainly for the differentiation between neurogenic and soft tissue tumours (positive response to S-100 protein is regularly observed in benign schwannomas, neurofibromas and granular cell tumours while fibroblastic tumours are S100-negative), for the differentiation between nonpigmented melanomas (positive) and anaplastic carcinomas (negative). The knowledge of S-100 protein distribution in normal organ facilitates the establishment of the tumour origin. Antibodies against S-100 protein allowed one to establish the neurogenic origin of some rat soft tissue tumours which were considered otherwise to be of mesenchymal origin and gave additional proof of the neurogenic origin of the rat endocardial tumours.
综述探讨了抗蛋白S - 100抗体在人类和实验动物肿瘤诊断中的应用。蛋白S - 100最初是从牛脑中分离出来的，随后在神经系统的神经胶质细胞和雪旺细胞、表皮朗格汉斯细胞、唾液腺和乳腺的肌上皮细胞以及各种器官的许多其他细胞中被鉴定出来。尽管抗蛋白S - 100抗体对任何组织都缺乏特异性，但它在人类肿瘤诊断中被广泛应用，主要用于区分神经源性肿瘤和软组织肿瘤（在良性神经鞘瘤、神经纤维瘤和颗粒细胞瘤中经常观察到对S - 100蛋白的阳性反应，而成纤维细胞肿瘤为S100阴性），以及区分无色素性黑色素瘤（阳性）和间变性癌（阴性）。了解正常器官中S - 100蛋白的分布有助于确定肿瘤的起源。抗S - 100蛋白抗体使人们能够确定一些大鼠软组织肿瘤的神经源性起源，这些肿瘤原本被认为是间充质起源的，并且为大鼠心内膜肿瘤的神经源性起源提供了额外的证据。
