Laboratory for Experimental Medicine and Endocrinology, Catholic University Leuven, Herestraat 49, Leuven, Belgium.
Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Aug;25(4):617-32. doi: 10.1016/j.beem.2011.04.009.
Vitamin D is a steroid hormone that is acquired via diet or synthesized in the skin upon UV exposure and needs subsequent hydroxylation steps to become activated as 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. While widely known for its role in maintaining bone health, vitamin D receptors have also been identified in different immune cell types. Many immune cells can also convert vitamin D into its bioactive form, thus enhancing the locally available concentrations to those required for the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D. In this review, we summarize the genetic and epidemiologic data potentially linking vitamin D to autoimmune, infectious and allergic diseases. We also discuss how vitamin D influences the immune responses in each of those conditions based on the data generated using patient samples or preclinical models of each of these diseases.
维生素 D 是一种类固醇激素，可通过饮食获得，或在暴露于紫外线时在皮肤中合成，需要随后的羟化步骤才能激活为 1,25-二羟基维生素 D。尽管维生素 D 以其在维持骨骼健康方面的作用而广为人知，但维生素 D 受体也已在不同的免疫细胞类型中被鉴定出来。许多免疫细胞也可以将维生素 D 转化为其生物活性形式，从而提高局部可用浓度，达到维生素 D 免疫调节作用所需的浓度。在这篇综述中，我们总结了潜在地将维生素 D 与自身免疫、感染和过敏疾病联系起来的遗传和流行病学数据。我们还根据使用这些疾病的患者样本或临床前模型生成的数据，讨论了维生素 D 如何影响每种情况下的免疫反应。
