Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, College of Nursing, New Jersey07102, USA.
Qual Health Res. 2012 Jan;22(1):3-16. doi: 10.1177/1049732311420448. Epub 2011 Aug 25.
In this article, we describe the depth of knowledge and skill nurses used in making decisions regarding the safe processes and practices of medication administration. Using grounded theory, we identified the essence of medication safety by nurses as the theme of clinical reasoning. Nurses used two medication safety processes within the clinical reasoning theme-maintaining medication safety and managing the environment-together with six categories of patient-focused medication safety practices in the first process and four categories of environmental-focused safety practices within the second process. These processes and practices present an emerging model of safe medication administration developed from the narratives of 50 medical-surgical nurses. This model provides researchers with the basis for the development of systemic policies for safer medication administration for patients. Health care professional educators might also find the results useful in developing curricula focused on patient safety as the foundation of quality care.
在本文中，我们描述了护士在做出有关安全用药流程和实践的决策时所具备的知识深度和技能。使用扎根理论，我们将护士对药物安全的本质确定为临床推理的主题。护士在临床推理主题内使用了两种药物安全流程——维护药物安全和管理环境——以及第一个流程中的六个以患者为中心的药物安全实践类别和第二个流程中的四个以环境为中心的安全实践类别。这些流程和实践呈现了一个新的安全用药管理模型，该模型是从 50 名内外科护士的叙述中发展而来的。该模型为研究人员为患者提供更安全用药管理的系统政策制定提供了基础。医疗保健专业教育者可能也会发现这些结果有助于制定以患者安全为基础的高质量护理课程。
