Center for Social Epidemiology and Population Health, University of Michigan School of Public Health, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
J Aging Health. 2011 Oct;23(7):1166-88. doi: 10.1177/0898264311422100. Epub 2011 Aug 29.
To describe the growth of the Hispanic population in the Midwest states of the United States, to present disability levels in older Mexican and non-Mexican-origin Midwest Hispanics by place of birth and poverty status, and compare disability levels among older Midwest Hispanics with those among Southwest Hispanics as well as non-Hispanics Whites and African Americans in each region.
Population data come from decennial U.S. Census Bureau surveys. Disability data for adults ≥ 50 years old come from the 2008 American Community Survey.
The Hispanic population in the Midwest has tripled since 1980 and now constitutes 6.6% of the entire Midwest population. Older Midwest Hispanics are somewhat younger, have a higher male-female ratio, and are more likely to be born outside the continental United States than Southwest Hispanics. In the Midwest, foreign-born Mexican American men report the lowest disability levels. Foreign-born Hispanic women of non-Mexican origin report the highest disability levels. Overall, older Hispanics have intermediate disability levels relative to non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans. Midwest Hispanics report less disability than Southwest Hispanics.
There is substantial heterogeneity in late-life disability among Midwest Hispanics, which may be related to place of birth and of origin. Future research is needed to examine age at immigration and health selection as potential reasons for low disability levels among foreign-born Mexican American men.
描述美国中西部各州西班牙裔人口的增长情况，按出生地和贫困状况展示老年墨西哥裔和非墨西哥裔起源的中西部西班牙裔的残疾水平，并比较中西部老年西班牙裔与西南西班牙裔以及每个地区的非西班牙裔白人和非裔美国人之间的残疾水平。
人口数据来自美国人口普查局的十年一次的调查。50 岁及以上成年人的残疾数据来自 2008 年美国社区调查。
自 1980 年以来，中西部的西班牙裔人口增加了两倍，现在占整个中西部人口的 6.6%。与西南西班牙裔相比，老年中西部西班牙裔更年轻，男女比例更高，而且更有可能出生在美国以外的地方。在中西部，出生在国外的墨西哥裔美国男性报告的残疾水平最低。非墨西哥裔出生的西班牙裔女性报告的残疾水平最高。总体而言，与非西班牙裔白人和非裔美国人相比，老年西班牙裔的残疾水平处于中等水平。中西部西班牙裔报告的残疾水平低于西南西班牙裔。
中西部西班牙裔在晚年残疾方面存在很大的异质性，这可能与出生地和原籍地有关。未来的研究需要检查移民年龄和健康选择，作为外国出生的墨西哥裔美国男性残疾水平较低的潜在原因。
