Acebes Félix, Solar Patricia, Moris Joaquín, Loy Ignacio
Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de Oviedo, Plaza Feijoo, 33003, Oviedo, Spain.
Learn Behav. 2012 Mar;40(1):34-41. doi: 10.3758/s13420-011-0042-6.
Two experiments using garden snails (Helix aspersa) showed conditioned inhibition using both retardation and summation tests. Conditioned inhibition is a procedure by which a stimulus becomes a predictor of the absence of a relevant event--the unconditioned stimulus (US). Typically, conditioned inhibition consists of pairings between an initially neutral conditioned stimulus, CS(2), and an effective excitatory conditioned stimulus, CS(1), in the absence of the US. Retardation and summation tests are required in order to confirm that CS(2) has acquired inhibitory properties. Conditioned inhibition has previously been found in invertebrates; however, these demonstrations did not use the retardation and summation tests required for an unambiguous demonstration of inhibition, allowing for alternative explanations. The implications of our results for the fields of comparative cognition and invertebrate physiological models of learning are discussed.
两项以庭园蜗牛（即褐云玛瑙螺）为对象的实验，通过延迟和总和测试均显示出了条件性抑制。条件性抑制是一种过程，通过该过程，一个刺激会成为相关事件（即无条件刺激，US）缺失的预测指标。通常，条件性抑制包括在没有无条件刺激的情况下，将最初的中性条件刺激CS(2)与有效的兴奋性条件刺激CS(1)进行配对。为了确认CS(2)已获得抑制特性，需要进行延迟和总和测试。此前在无脊椎动物中已发现条件性抑制；然而，这些实验并未使用明确证明抑制所需的延迟和总和测试，因而存在其他解释的可能性。我们将讨论研究结果对比较认知领域和无脊椎动物学习生理模型的意义。
