Kutlu Munir Gunes, Schmajuk Nestor A
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Learn Behav. 2012 Mar;40(1):83-97. doi: 10.3758/s13420-011-0047-1.
An attentional-associative model (Schmajuk, Lam, & Gray Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 22, 321-349, 1996) assumes that nonreinforced presentations of an inhibitory conditioned stimulus (CS) do not decrease its inhibitory associations. However, the model predicts that extended presentations will decrease attention to the inhibitor, thereby decreasing both (1) the expression of its inhibitory power in a summation test and (2) the rate of acquisition in a retardation test. The model also predicts that subsequent presentations of the inhibitory CS with a novel CS will increase both (1) and (2). Using a predictive learning design in humans, Experiment 1 examined the predictions involving the summation tests, whereas Experiments 2 and 3 examined the predictions involving the retardation tests. Experimental results were in agreement with the predictions of the model.
一种注意-联想模型（施马朱克、林和格雷，《实验心理学杂志：动物行为过程》，第22卷，第321 - 349页，1996年）假定，抑制性条件刺激（CS）的非强化呈现不会减少其抑制性联想。然而，该模型预测，长时间呈现会减少对抑制剂的注意，从而降低（1）其抑制力在总和测试中的表现，以及（2）在延迟测试中的习得率。该模型还预测，随后将抑制性CS与新的CS一起呈现会提高（1）和（2）。实验1使用人类的预测学习设计检验了涉及总和测试的预测，而实验2和3检验了涉及延迟测试的预测。实验结果与该模型的预测一致。
