Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15261, USA.
J Am Dent Assoc. 2011 Sep;142 Suppl 3:13S-8S. doi: 10.14219/jada.archive.2011.0342.
and Overview. The provision of mandibular anesthesia traditionally has relied on nerve block anesthetic techniques such as the Halsted, the Gow-Gates and the Akinosi-Vazirani methods. The authors present two alternative techniques to provide local anesthesia in mandibular teeth: the periodontal ligament (PDL) injection and the intraosseous (IO) injection. The authors also present indications for and complications associated with these techniques.
The PDL injection and the IO injection are effective anesthetic techniques for managing nerve block failures and for providing localized anesthesia in the mandible.
Dentists may find these techniques to be useful alternatives to nerve block anesthesia.
概述。传统上，下颌麻醉的提供依赖于神经阻滞麻醉技术，如 Halsted、Gow-Gates 和 Akinosi-Vazirani 方法。作者提出了两种替代技术来提供下颌牙齿的局部麻醉：牙周韧带（PDL）注射和骨内（IO）注射。作者还介绍了这些技术的适应证和相关并发症。
PDL 注射和 IO 注射是管理神经阻滞失败和提供下颌局部麻醉的有效麻醉技术。
牙医可能会发现这些技术是神经阻滞麻醉的有用替代方法。
