Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-6560, USA.
Psychol Sci. 2011 Oct;22(10):1280-7. doi: 10.1177/0956797611420730. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
We tested the fearlessness hypothesis of psychopathy in an at-risk sample of 88 preadolescent children. Psychopathy was measured using combined child- and parent-reported scores on the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD). Using a continuous-flash-suppression paradigm, we evaluated threat processing at the preattentive level for the first time in a study of psychopathy. Scores for the APSD Callous/Unemotional factor, which assesses the core affective deficits of psychopathy, predicted preattentive face-recognition deficits for fearful faces and, to a lesser extent, for disgusted faces. This finding contradicts recent suggestions that the fearlessness associated with psychopathy is solely a consequence of overt attentional artifacts. Future research should focus on preattentive processing of fear in individuals with callous-unemotional traits, and on the implications of preattentive-processing deficits for treatment and theory development.
我们在一个有风险的 88 名青春期前儿童样本中测试了精神病态的无畏假设。精神病态使用反社会过程筛查装置（APSD）的儿童和父母联合报告评分来衡量。我们首次在精神病态研究中使用连续闪光抑制范式评估了前注意水平的威胁处理。APSD 冷漠/无情感因子的分数，评估了精神病态的核心情感缺陷，预测了对恐惧面孔的前注意面孔识别缺陷，对厌恶面孔的预测程度较小。这一发现与最近的观点相矛盾，即与精神病态相关的无畏仅仅是明显注意力偏差的结果。未来的研究应集中在具有冷漠/无情感特征的个体对恐惧的前注意处理，以及前注意处理缺陷对治疗和理论发展的影响。
