Huet T, Cheynier R, Meyerhans A, Roelants G, Wain-Hobson S
Laboratoire de Biologie et Immunologie Moléculaires des Rétrovirus, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Nature. 1990 May 24;345(6273):356-9. doi: 10.1038/345356a0.
Simian immunodeficiency viruses have been isolated from four species of monkey, the 'captive' macaque and mangabey and the 'feral' African green monkey and mandrill. While none of these viruses is a replica of HIV-1, the macaque and mangabey viruses represent correct genetic models for HIV-2, possessing exactly the same complement of genes. Recently a lentivirus has been identified in two wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) in Gabon, west equatorial Africa, and isolated from one of them. This virus is referred to as SIVCPZ. Sera from these animals cross reacted with all the HIV-1 proteins including the envelope glycoproteins. Here, we describe the molecular cloning and sequencing of an infectious proviral clone of SIVCPZ. The overall genetic organization was the same as that of HIV-1, but phylogenetic analysis revealed that the sequence was more divergent than any HIV-1 sequence reported so far. The vpu gene product, found only in the type 1 viruses, was particularly different (64% divergent to HIV-1BRU) suggesting that the SIVCPZ represents a distinct subtype. These findings indicate that there is a larger pool of simian lentiviruses than previously suspected and revives debate as to the origins of HIV-1.
猿猴免疫缺陷病毒已从四种猴子中分离出来，即“圈养”的猕猴和白眉猴以及“野生”的非洲绿猴和山魈。虽然这些病毒都不是HIV-1的复制品，但猕猴和白眉猴病毒代表了HIV-2的正确遗传模型，拥有完全相同的基因组合。最近，在赤道非洲西部加蓬的两只野生黑猩猩（Pan troglodytes troglodytes）中发现了一种慢病毒，并从其中一只分离出来。这种病毒被称为SIVCPZ。这些动物的血清与所有HIV-1蛋白包括包膜糖蛋白发生交叉反应。在此，我们描述了SIVCPZ感染性前病毒克隆的分子克隆和测序。其总体遗传结构与HIV-1相同，但系统发育分析表明，该序列比迄今报道的任何HIV-1序列分歧更大。仅在1型病毒中发现的vpu基因产物尤其不同（与HIV-1BRU有64%的分歧），这表明SIVCPZ代表一种独特的亚型。这些发现表明，猿猴慢病毒库比以前怀疑的要大，这也重新引发了关于HIV-1起源的争论。
