Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan 625014, China.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2012 Feb;145(2):189-200. doi: 10.1007/s12011-011-9185-8. Epub 2011 Sep 1.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the renal and hepatic oxidative damage and toxicity caused by dietary high vanadium in broilers. A total of 420 one-day-old avian broilers were divided into six groups and fed on a corn-soybean basal diet as control diet (vanadium 0.073 mg/kg), and five high vanadium diets (vanadium 5 mg/kg, high vanadium group I; 15 mg/kg, high vanadium group II; 30 mg/kg, high vanadium group III; 45 mg/kg, high vanadium group IV; and 60 mg/kg, high vanadium group V) throughout the experimental period of 42 days. The results showed that the renal and hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, ability to inhibit hydroxy radical, and malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione, and vanadium contents were not significantly changed in high vanadium group I and II when compared with those of the control groups. However, the SOD and GSH-Px activities, ability to inhibit hydroxy radical, and GSH content were significantly decreased, and the MDA and vanadium contents were markedly increased in high vanadium groups III, IV, and V. At the same time, the lesions were also observed in the kidney and liver of high vanadium groups III, IV, and V. The renal tubular epithelial cells showed granular degeneration and vacuolar degeneration, and hepatocytes showed granular degeneration, vacuolar degeneration, and fatty degeneration. It was concluded that dietary vanadium in the range of 30-60 mg/kg could cause oxidative damage and vanadium accumulation, which induced renal and hepatic toxicity and lesions. The renal and hepatic function was finally impaired in boilers.
本研究旨在探讨饲粮高钒对肉鸡的肾、肝氧化损伤和毒性作用。选用 420 只 1 日龄爱拔益加（AA）肉鸡，随机分为 6 个组，分别饲喂基础饲粮（钒含量为 0.073mg/kg）和 5 种高钒饲粮（钒含量分别为 5mg/kg、15mg/kg、30mg/kg、45mg/kg、60mg/kg），试验期为 42d。结果表明：与对照组相比，高钒组Ⅰ和Ⅱ肉鸡的肾、肝中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性、羟自由基清除能力以及丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）和钒含量均无显著变化；高钒组Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ肉鸡的 SOD 和 GSH-Px 活性、羟自由基清除能力和 GSH 含量显著降低，MDA 和钒含量显著升高；同时，高钒组Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ肉鸡的肾、肝组织也出现了损伤，肾小管上皮细胞出现颗粒变性和空泡变性，肝细胞出现颗粒变性、空泡变性和脂肪变性。综上所述，饲粮钒含量在 30~60mg/kg 时可引起氧化损伤和钒蓄积，导致肉鸡的肾、肝毒性和损伤，最终损害肉鸡的肾功能和肝功能。
