在一支男女混合的陆军基础战斗训练人群中，营房类型与急性呼吸道感染之间的关联。
Association between barracks type and acute respiratory infection in a gender integrated Army basic combat training population.
作者信息
White Duvel W, Feigley Charles E, McKeown Robert E, Hout Joseph J, Hebert James R
机构信息
Division of Occupational and Environmental Science, Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
出版信息
Mil Med. 2011 Aug;176(8):909-14. doi: 10.7205/milmed-d-10-00418.
BACKGROUND
Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are the leading cause of acute morbidity and lost work time in the United States. Few studies have looked at building design and transmission of ARIs.
OBJECTIVES
This study explores the association of ventilation design, room occupancy numbers, and training week with ARI rates in Army Basic Combat Training barracks.
METHODS
This observational study captured the overall incidence of ARI in a cohort of 16,258 individuals attending basic combat training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina.
RESULTS
ARI risk was higher among trainees living in the 60-person room barracks compared with those living in 8-person rooms, which increased rapidly for the first few weeks of training and then declined to baseline.
CONCLUSIONS
Findings support direct contact as primary ARI transmission mode in this study population based on observed lower ARI risk in smaller room barracks and similar risk in large room barracks despite heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system variability.
背景
急性呼吸道感染（ARIs）是美国急性发病和误工的主要原因。很少有研究关注建筑设计与急性呼吸道感染传播之间的关系。
目的
本研究探讨通风设计、房间居住人数和训练周数与陆军基础战斗训练营房急性呼吸道感染发病率之间的关联。
方法
这项观察性研究记录了南卡罗来纳州杰克逊堡16258名参加基础战斗训练人员中的急性呼吸道感染总发病率。
结果
与居住在8人间营房的学员相比，居住在60人间营房的学员患急性呼吸道感染的风险更高，在训练的最初几周迅速上升，然后降至基线水平。
结论
基于观察到的较小房间营房急性呼吸道感染风险较低，以及较大房间营房尽管供暖、通风和空调系统存在差异但风险相似，研究结果支持直接接触是本研究人群中急性呼吸道感染的主要传播方式。
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