新生儿的烦躁程度调节了婴儿依恋安全性与幼儿探索和社交能力之间的关系。
Newborn irritability moderates the association between infant attachment security and toddler exploration and sociability.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
出版信息
Child Dev. 2011 Sep-Oct;82(5):1381-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01638.x. Epub 2011 Aug 29.
Abstract
This longitudinal investigation of 84 infants examined whether the effect of 12-month attachment on 18- and 24-month exploration and sociability with unfamiliar adults varied as a function of newborn irritability. As expected, results revealed an interaction between attachment (secure vs. insecure) and irritability (highly irritable vs. moderately irritable) in predicting both exploration and sociability with unfamiliar adults. For exploration, results supported a dual-risk model; that is, toddlers who had been both highly irritable and insecurely attached were less exploratory than other toddlers. For sociability, results supported the differential-susceptibility hypothesis; that is, highly irritable infants, compared to moderately irritable infants, were both less sociable as toddlers when they had been insecurely attached and more sociable when they had been securely attached.
摘要
本项针对 84 名婴儿的纵向研究考察了 12 个月时的依恋对 18 个月和 24 个月时婴儿与陌生成年人的探索和社交行为的影响是否会因新生儿的易激惹性而有所不同。正如预期的那样，研究结果显示，在预测与陌生成年人的探索和社交行为时，依恋（安全型与不安全型）和易激惹性（高度易激惹与中度易激惹）之间存在交互作用。对于探索行为，结果支持双重风险模型；也就是说，那些既高度易激惹又不安全依恋的幼儿比其他幼儿的探索行为更少。对于社交行为，结果支持易感性差异假说；也就是说，与中度易激惹的婴儿相比，那些高度易激惹的婴儿如果不安全依恋，他们在幼儿期的社交行为就会较少，如果安全依恋，他们的社交行为就会较多。
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