Psychiatry of Learning Disability, The Riverside Centre, Hillingdon Hospital, Uxbridge, Middx, UK.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2012 Sep;56(9):895-901. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2011.01468.x. Epub 2011 Aug 31.
Previous studies in adults with intellectual disabilities (ID) have reported a higher prevalence of obesity than in the general population, and a trend to an increase in the prevalence of excess weight. However, little information is available on body weight status and lipids levels of adults with ID and co-existing mental illness. The aim of this study was to address this information gap, by conducting a stepwise multiple regression analysis to predict BMI, thereby allowing the investigation of (semi-)partial correlations, which assess the extent to which a particular predictor variable is associated with BMI over and above the other predictors.
A study of the patients with ID and psychiatric illness registered in the service. Collected data included body mass index (BMI), age, gender, the presence of additional physical conditions, residential status, mental illness and use the psychotropic medication. We analysed the lipid profile including serum cholesterol together with low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides and the serum cholesterol/HDL ratio. Data for these variables were entered into a stepwise multiple linear regression to predict BMI.
28% of the participants were overweight and 41% obese. Most of the obese patients were men with mild ID (P = 0.039). Level of ID (P = 0.003), gender (P = 0.001) and serum triglycerides (P = 0.026) had significant predictive value in the regression model. There were no significant differences in either the mean serum cholesterol levels or the mean triglyceride levels between those taking and those not taking first-generation antipsychotics, second-generation antipsychotics or anti-epileptic medication.
The rate of obesity in our sample was higher than in previous studies. The most predictive combination of predictors to predict BMI was ID level, gender and serum triglyceride levels. Serum triglyceride and cholesterol levels did not appear to be unduly affected by first- or second-generation antipsychotic medication or by antiepileptic medication.
先前的研究表明，与普通人群相比，智力障碍（ID）成人的肥胖患病率更高，且超重患病率呈上升趋势。然而，有关合并精神疾病的 ID 成人的体重状况和血脂水平的信息却很少。本研究旨在填补这一信息空白，通过逐步多元回归分析来预测 BMI，从而可以调查（半）偏相关，以评估特定预测变量与 BMI 的关联程度，超过其他预测变量。
对在该服务中登记的 ID 合并精神疾病患者进行研究。收集的数据包括体重指数（BMI）、年龄、性别、是否存在其他身体状况、居住状况、精神疾病以及使用精神药物。我们分析了血脂谱，包括血清胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、甘油三酯和血清胆固醇/HDL 比值。将这些变量的数据输入逐步多元线性回归以预测 BMI。
28%的参与者超重，41%肥胖。大多数肥胖患者为轻度 ID 的男性（P=0.039）。智力障碍程度（P=0.003）、性别（P=0.001）和血清甘油三酯（P=0.026）在回归模型中具有显著的预测价值。服用第一代抗精神病药、第二代抗精神病药或抗癫痫药与未服用者的血清胆固醇水平或甘油三酯水平之间无显著差异。
我们样本中的肥胖率高于先前的研究。预测 BMI 的最具预测性的预测因子组合是 ID 水平、性别和血清甘油三酯水平。血清甘油三酯和胆固醇水平似乎不受第一代或第二代抗精神病药或抗癫痫药的影响。
