Aquaculture Research Station, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2012 Jan;155(1):49-54. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2011.08.007. Epub 2011 Sep 1.
With the development of genomic research technologies, comparative genome studies among vertebrate species are becoming commonplace for human biomedical research. Fish offer unlimited versatility for biomedical research. Extensive studies are done using these fish models, yielding tens of thousands of specific strains and lines, and the number is increasing every day. Thus, high-throughput sperm cryopreservation is urgently needed to preserve these genetic resources. Although high-throughput processing has been widely applied for sperm cryopreservation in livestock for decades, application in biomedical model fishes is still in the concept-development stage because of the limited sample volumes and the biological characteristics of fish sperm. High-throughput processing in livestock was developed based on advances made in the laboratory and was scaled up for increased processing speed, capability for mass production, and uniformity and quality assurance. Cryopreserved germplasm combined with high-throughput processing constitutes an independent industry encompassing animal breeding, preservation of genetic diversity, and medical research. Currently, there is no specifically engineered system available for high-throughput of cryopreserved germplasm for aquatic species. This review is to discuss the concepts and needs for high-throughput technology for model fishes, propose approaches for technical development, and overview future directions of this approach.
随着基因组研究技术的发展，脊椎动物物种间的比较基因组研究在人类生物医学研究中变得越来越普遍。鱼类为生物医学研究提供了无限的多功能性。这些鱼类模型已经进行了广泛的研究，产生了数万种特定的品系和品系，而且这个数字每天都在增加。因此，迫切需要高通量精子冷冻保存来保存这些遗传资源。尽管几十年来，高通量处理已广泛应用于家畜的精子冷冻保存，但由于样本量有限和鱼类精子的生物学特性，该技术在生物医学模式鱼类中的应用仍处于概念开发阶段。家畜的高通量处理是基于实验室的进展而发展起来的，其目的是提高处理速度、大规模生产能力、均匀性和质量保证。冷冻保存的种质资源与高通量处理相结合，构成了一个涵盖动物育种、遗传多样性保护和医学研究的独立产业。目前，还没有专门设计的系统可用于水生物种的高通量冷冻保存种质资源。本文综述了模型鱼类高通量技术的概念和需求，提出了技术开发的方法，并概述了该方法的未来发展方向。
