Mathis Hilary, Sutherland Dean, McAuliffe Megan
University of Canterbury , Christchurch , New Zealand.
Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2011 Oct;13(5):411-21. doi: 10.3109/17549507.2011.524709.
This study investigated the effect of variation in partner-initiated pause time on the expressive communication of young people who use Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC). Eight participants aged 8;11-20;08 years (mean 16;02 years) participated in the study. Three pause time conditions (2, 10, and 45 seconds) were trialled during a scripted shared storybook reading task. A total of 27 turn opportunities were provided for participants during the task. Participant interactions were analysed for the percentage of responses made to a turn opportunity, mean length of utterance in words (MLU), percentage of assertive conversational acts made, and the modes of communication used. Findings indicated that participants were more likely to respond to a turn opportunity when their communication partner provided a longer pause time. Additionally, a longer pause time resulted in longer MLUs. Participants did not use more assertive conversational acts and continued to use a variety of communication modes when provided with a longer pause time. Results indicate that increasing pause time is an effective strategy to support the development of expressive communication for young people who use AAC. This suggests the need for professionals providing AAC services to encourage communication partners to provide extended pauses during interactions.
本研究调查了伙伴发起的停顿时间变化对使用辅助和替代沟通方式（AAC）的年轻人表达性沟通的影响。八名年龄在8岁11个月至20岁08个月（平均16岁02个月）的参与者参与了该研究。在一个脚本化的共享故事书阅读任务中，对三种停顿时间条件（2秒、10秒和45秒）进行了试验。在任务期间，总共为参与者提供了27次轮流机会。对参与者的互动进行了分析，包括对轮流机会做出回应的百分比、以单词计的平均话语长度（MLU）、做出肯定性对话行为的百分比以及所使用的沟通方式。研究结果表明，当他们的沟通伙伴提供更长的停顿时间时，参与者更有可能对轮流机会做出回应。此外，更长的停顿时间导致了更长的MLU。当提供更长的停顿时间时，参与者并没有使用更多的肯定性对话行为，并且继续使用多种沟通方式。结果表明，增加停顿时间是支持使用AAC的年轻人表达性沟通发展的有效策略。这表明提供AAC服务的专业人员需要鼓励沟通伙伴在互动过程中提供更长的停顿时间。
