性别差异在高心血管风险的患病率、病因和治疗中的作用：FINRISK 调查的结果。

Gender differences in the prevalence, causes and treatment of high cardiovascular risk: findings from the FINRISK Survey.

机构信息

University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, Department of Medicine, PO Box 1777, 70210 Kuopio, Finland.

出版信息

Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2012 Oct;19(5):1153-60. doi: 10.1177/1741826711422454. Epub 2011 Sep 2.

DOI:10.1177/1741826711422454

PMID:21890534

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Concerns have been raised that high cardiovascular (CVD) risk is not always recognized in women and treated effectively enough. We aimed to analyze, whether there are differences between men and women in the prevalence, underlying causes and treatment of high CVD risk.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional analysis of data from population-based health examination surveys was conducted.

METHODS

Pooled data from the population-based National FINRISK Surveys from the years 1992, 1997, 2002 and 2007 were used. Subjects with any of the following were considered as having high-risk: history of a major CVD event, prevalent diabetes or 10-year risk of CVD ≥ 20% calculated according to the Framingham equation.

RESULTS

We identified 835 (46.0% women) high-risk subjects in the age group 25-54 years and 3587 (27.3% women) in the age group 55-74 years. In the younger age group men had more often prevalent CVD (29.3% vs 7.8%, p < 0.001) and were more likely to be smokers (46.3% vs 21.4%, p < 0.001), whereas women had more diabetes (94.0 % vs 60.5%, p < 0.001). Younger women were less likely to achieve the recommended total cholesterol level of <4.5 mmol/l (14.3 % vs 17.3 %, p = 0.03) and had a lower rate of hypolipidaemic therapy (9.6% vs 21.2%, p < 0.001) and acetylsalicylic acid therapy (8.3% vs 27.7%, p < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

Among young individuals, high CVD risk was almost as common in women as in men. It appears that the high-risk situation is not always recognized and treated adequately in young women.

摘要

背景

人们担心女性的心血管（CVD）风险并不总是被识别出来，并且治疗效果也不够理想。我们旨在分析男性和女性在高 CVD 风险的患病率、根本原因和治疗方面是否存在差异。

设计

这是一项基于人群的健康检查调查数据的横断面分析。

方法

使用了来自 1992 年、1997 年、2002 年和 2007 年的基于人群的国家 FINRISK 调查的汇总数据。有以下任何一种情况的人被认为具有高风险：重大 CVD 事件史、现患糖尿病或根据弗雷明汉方程计算的 CVD 10 年风险≥20%。

结果

我们在 25-54 岁年龄组中确定了 835 名（46.0%为女性）高危人群，在 55-74 岁年龄组中确定了 3587 名（27.3%为女性）高危人群。在年轻组中，男性更常见现患 CVD（29.3%比 7.8%，p<0.001），更有可能吸烟（46.3%比 21.4%，p<0.001），而女性更常见糖尿病（94.0%比 60.5%，p<0.001）。年轻女性更不可能达到建议的总胆固醇水平<4.5mmol/l（14.3%比 17.3%，p=0.03），降脂治疗率较低（9.6%比 21.2%，p<0.001），乙酰水杨酸治疗率也较低（8.3%比 27.7%，p<0.001）。