The alveolar macrophage in sarcoidosis.

Sarcoidosis is characterized by the accumulation of lymphocytes and cells of the mononuclear phagocyte series (MPS) at sites of inflammation. MPS cells are central to the granulomatous response being capable of antigen presentation to T-cells, production of the potent monokines, IL-1 and TNF-alpha, and the secretion of growth factors, all of which are of likely relevance to the disease process. Bronchoalveolar lavage, monoclonal antibodies and molecular biology techniques have been invaluable tools in our understanding of the inflammation. These approaches will continue to be critical to resolving important questions relating to disease pathogenesis and treatment.