Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Università degli Studi di Verona, Strada Le Grazie, 15, 37 134 Verona, Italy.
Plant Sci. 2011 Nov;181(5):534-9. doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.05.002. Epub 2011 May 14.
Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) is a reactive nitrogen species formed when nitric oxide (NO) reacts with the superoxide anion (O(2)(-)). It was first identified as a mediator of cell death in animals but was later shown to act as a positive regulator of cell signaling, mainly through the posttranslational modification of proteins by tyrosine nitration. In plants, peroxynitrite is not involved in NO-mediated cell death and its physiological function is poorly understood. However, it is emerging as a potential signaling molecule during the induction of defense responses against pathogens and this could be mediated by the selective nitration of tyrosine residues in a small number of proteins. In this review we discuss the general role of tyrosine nitration in plants and evaluate recent evidence suggesting that peroxynitrite is an effector of NO-mediated signaling following pathogen infection.
过氧亚硝酸盐（ONOO(-)）是一氧化氮（NO）与超氧阴离子（O(2)(-)）反应形成的一种活性氮物种。它最初被确定为动物细胞死亡的介质，但后来被证明是细胞信号的正调节剂，主要通过酪氨酸硝化对蛋白质进行翻译后修饰。在植物中，过氧亚硝酸盐不参与 NO 介导的细胞死亡，其生理功能知之甚少。然而，它在诱导对病原体的防御反应中作为一种潜在的信号分子出现，这可能是通过少数蛋白质中酪氨酸残基的选择性硝化介导的。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了酪氨酸硝化在植物中的一般作用，并评估了最近的证据表明，过氧亚硝酸盐是病原体感染后 NO 介导信号的效应物。
