Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA.
J Clin Microbiol. 2011 Nov;49(11):3728-32. doi: 10.1128/JCM.05476-11. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
The widespread use of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines has nearly eradicated invasive Hib disease where the vaccines are used. This success was accompanied by a shift in capsular serotypes of invasive H. influenzae disease, with nontypeable strains replacing type b strains as the most common bloodstream isolate, but there is no convincing evidence of a true increase in the incidence of non-serotype b invasive infections. H. influenzae causes predominantly mucosal infections. The introduction of vaccines for otitis media and global shifts in antimicrobial susceptibility emphasize the importance of continued surveillance of H. influenzae colonization and disease patterns.
乙型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）结合疫苗的广泛使用几乎根除了疫苗使用地区的侵袭性 Hib 疾病。这一成功伴随着侵袭性流感嗜血杆菌疾病荚膜血清型的转变，无血清型菌株取代 b 型菌株成为最常见的血流分离株，但没有令人信服的证据表明非 b 型侵袭性感染的发病率真正增加。流感嗜血杆菌主要引起黏膜感染。中耳炎疫苗的引入和全球抗生素耐药性的变化强调了继续监测流感嗜血杆菌定植和疾病模式的重要性。
