Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, PO Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway.
Vet Pathol. 2012 May;49(3):557-61. doi: 10.1177/0300985811417248. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
In both man and animals, inflammatory changes in the pancreas often occur with disturbances in lipid metabolism, including hypertriglyceridemia and an excess of free fatty acids. Hyperlipoproteinemia type I is a human condition caused by a deficiency of lipoprotein lipase. A similar metabolic disturbance that occurs in mink is of considerable comparative interest, as it is also followed by pancreatitis. Pancreatic lesions in hyperlipoproteinemic mink included overt variably sized nodules with hemorrhage and necrosis. These lesions began as intralobular necrosis of exocrine cells and progressed to total lobular destruction, with eventual involvement of interlobular tissue. Remnants of epithelial cells and lipid-filled macrophages were seen in necrotic areas, along with other types of inflammatory cells scattered in a lipid-rich exudate. Granulation tissue developed rapidly in necrotic areas. Additional observations included ductal proliferation, replacement of epithelial cells with fat, and mural arterial thickening, most conspicuously with vacuolated cells and endothelial proliferation. Extravasation of lipid-rich plasma is thought to be a major intensifier of the inflammatory response.
在人和动物中，胰腺的炎症变化通常与脂代谢紊乱有关，包括高三酰甘油血症和游离脂肪酸过多。Ⅰ型高脂蛋白血症是一种由脂蛋白脂酶缺乏引起的人类疾病。在水貂中发生的类似代谢紊乱具有相当大的比较意义，因为它也伴随着胰腺炎。高脂蛋白血症水貂的胰腺病变包括明显大小不等的伴有出血和坏死的结节。这些病变最初是外分泌细胞的小叶内坏死，并进展为整个小叶破坏，最终累及小叶间组织。在坏死区域可见上皮细胞残余物和充满脂质的巨噬细胞，以及散布在富含脂质的渗出物中的其他类型的炎症细胞。在坏死区域迅速形成肉芽组织。其他观察结果包括导管增生、上皮细胞被脂肪取代以及壁动脉增厚，最明显的是有空泡细胞和内皮细胞增生。富含脂质的血浆外渗被认为是炎症反应的主要增强剂。
