酒精中毒的新疾病模型。
The new disease model of alcoholism.
作者信息
Wallace J
机构信息
Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
出版信息
West J Med. 1990 May;152(5):502-5.
The new biopsychosocial disease model of alcoholism is examined from the perspective of recent biologic research. Studies of animal and human genetic predispositions suggest the presence of genetic influences over drinking behavior as well as biologic risk factors related to deficiencies in various neurochemicals. Ethanol affects the fluidity of cell membrane lipids, eventually causing membrane dysfunction. It also adversely affects the activity of two enzymes, monoamine oxidase and adenylate cyclase, that have important functions in the information processing system of the brain. Research on condensation products formed in the brain after alcohol consumption has provided clues to the development of alcoholism, but many questions remain unanswered. Alcoholism is clearly a multidimensional phenomenon in which biologic, psychological, and sociocultural factors interact to produce illness.
从近期生物学研究的角度审视了酒精中毒新的生物心理社会疾病模型。对动物和人类遗传易感性的研究表明，存在对饮酒行为的遗传影响以及与各种神经化学物质缺乏相关的生物学风险因素。乙醇会影响细胞膜脂质的流动性，最终导致膜功能障碍。它还会对单胺氧化酶和腺苷酸环化酶这两种在大脑信息处理系统中具有重要功能的酶的活性产生不利影响。对饮酒后大脑中形成的缩合产物的研究为酒精中毒的发展提供了线索，但许多问题仍未得到解答。酒精中毒显然是一种多维度现象，其中生物学、心理学和社会文化因素相互作用导致疾病。
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