Olaniran Ademola O, Hiralal Lettisha, Pillay Balakrishna
Discipline of Microbiology, School of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of KwaZulu-Natal (Westville Campus), Private Bag X54001, Durban, 4000, Republic of South Africa.
J Environ Monit. 2011 Oct;13(10):2914-20. doi: 10.1039/c1em10032g. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
The increasing number of potentially harmful pollutants in the wastewater effluent discharge necessitates the need for the development of fast and cost effective analytical techniques for extensive monitoring programmes to assess the effectiveness of the treatment process. This study compared the use of bacterial biosensors to the conventional Daphnia magna assay, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) tests as well as chemical analysis, for monitoring the toxicity of wastewater. The bacterial biosensors constructed in this study, using S. sonnei and E. coli, were found to be sensitive to the toxicity of the wastewater effluents. A linear increase in bioluminescence with increasing concentration of heavy metals and inorganic pollutants in water was observed, with a correlation coefficient (r(2)) as high as 0.995 and 0.997, respectively. No notable correlation between biosensor toxicity and BOD and COD test results was observed. These bacterial biosensors could provide appropriate alternatives for a rapid, sensitive and cost effective detection of wastewater quality. However, the differences in sensitivity obtained for the different systems suggest that the use of a battery of toxicity assays may be required to provide a real ecotoxicological assessment of wastewater samples.
废水排放中潜在有害污染物的数量不断增加，因此需要开发快速且经济高效的分析技术，用于广泛的监测计划，以评估处理过程的有效性。本研究将细菌生物传感器与传统的大型溞试验、化学需氧量（COD）和生化需氧量（BOD）测试以及化学分析进行了比较，以监测废水的毒性。本研究构建的使用宋内志贺菌和大肠杆菌的细菌生物传感器对废水排放的毒性敏感。观察到随着水中重金属和无机污染物浓度的增加，生物发光呈线性增加，相关系数（r²）分别高达0.995和0.997。未观察到生物传感器毒性与BOD和COD测试结果之间有显著相关性。这些细菌生物传感器可为快速、灵敏且经济高效地检测废水质量提供合适的替代方法。然而，不同系统获得的灵敏度差异表明，可能需要使用一系列毒性测定方法来对废水样品进行真正的生态毒理学评估。
