ADHD 合并超重人群的饮食障碍模式差异。
Differential patterns of disordered eating in subjects with ADHD and overweight.
机构信息
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Clinics, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
出版信息
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;12 Suppl 1:118-23. doi: 10.3109/15622975.2011.602225.
OBJECTIVES
Despite growing evidence for an association between overweight and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), still little is known about the mechanisms underlying this relationship.
METHODS
Within a two (no ADHD, ADHD) × two (normal weight, overweight) factorial design (n = 94) we tested disordered eating behaviour in a laboratory breakfast procedure as well as delay aversion (DA) in male children aged 7-15 years.
RESULTS
While children with ADHD tended to eat above the normal level particularly at the beginning of the meal, children with overweight tended to eat above the normal level throughout the whole meal. Furthermore, preference for immediately available food was predicted by parental ratings of inattention and neuropsychological measures of DA in overweight children, and by impulsivity in children with ADHD.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest distinct neuropsychopathological pathways to abnormal eating in ADHD and overweight. Thus, children with overweight might benefit more from specialized treatment programmes that aim at improving attention functions while in children with ADHD the treatment should focus on impulsivity.
目的
尽管越来越多的证据表明超重与注意力缺陷/多动障碍（ADHD）之间存在关联，但对于这种关系背后的机制仍知之甚少。
方法
在一项二（无 ADHD，ADHD）×二（正常体重，超重）因子设计（n=94）中，我们在实验室早餐程序中测试了饮食失调行为以及 7-15 岁男童的延迟厌恶（DA）。
结果
尽管 ADHD 儿童往往比正常水平吃得更多，尤其是在进餐开始时，但超重儿童往往在整个进餐过程中都吃得比正常水平多。此外，超重儿童对注意力不集中的父母评分以及 DA 的神经心理学测量值以及 ADHD 儿童的冲动性预测了对即时可得食物的偏好。
结论
我们的结果表明 ADHD 和超重儿童的异常进食存在不同的神经病理途径。因此，超重儿童可能会从专门的治疗计划中受益更多，这些计划旨在改善注意力功能，而 ADHD 儿童的治疗应侧重于冲动性。
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