Université Paris Descartes, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Service de Réanimation Médicale, France.
Resuscitation. 2012 Mar;83(3):399-401. doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2011.08.023. Epub 2011 Sep 10.
Pneumonia is the most common infectious complication of drowning. Pneumonia is potentially life threatening and should be treated by effective antibiotic therapy. However the risk factors, microbiological causes, diagnostic approach and appropriate therapy for pneumonia associated with drowning are not well described. The microbiological ecology of the body of water where immersion occurred could be of import. The aim of this study was to report on microorganisms involved in pneumonia associated with drowning and out of hospital cardiac arrest after successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Additionally, we retrieved and undertook microbiological analysis on samples of water from our local river.
This retrospective study included all patients having suffered an out of hospital cardiac arrest due to drowning and admitted to our tertiary care academic hospital between 2002 and 2010. Data concerning bacteriological lung samples (tracheal aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage) at admission were reported and compared to bacteriological samples obtained from our local river (the river Seine).
A total of thirty-seven patients were included in the study. Lung samples were obtained for twenty-one of these patients. Lung samples were positive in nineteen cases, with a high frequency of multi-drug resistant bacteria. Samples from the Seine River found microorganisms similar to those found in drowning associated pneumonia.
Drowning associated pneumonia can be due to multi drug resistant bacteria. When treating drowning associated pneumonia, antibiotics should be effective against bacteria similar to those found in the body of water where immersion occurred.
肺炎是溺水后最常见的感染性并发症。肺炎具有潜在的生命威胁，应通过有效的抗生素治疗。然而，与溺水相关的肺炎的危险因素、微生物病因、诊断方法和适当治疗尚未得到很好的描述。发生浸水的水体的微生物生态学可能很重要。本研究的目的是报告与溺水和心肺复苏成功后院外心脏骤停相关的肺炎涉及的微生物，并检索和进行我们当地河流的水样的微生物分析。
这项回顾性研究包括 2002 年至 2010 年期间因溺水而在我们的三级护理学术医院接受治疗的所有发生院外心脏骤停的患者。报告了入院时有关细菌学肺样本（气管抽吸或支气管肺泡灌洗）的数据，并将其与从我们当地河流（塞纳河）获得的细菌学样本进行了比较。
共有 37 名患者纳入研究。其中 21 名患者获得了肺样本。19 例肺样本呈阳性，耐药菌的频率较高。从塞纳河采集的样本中发现了与溺水相关肺炎中发现的微生物相似的微生物。
溺水相关肺炎可能是由耐多药细菌引起的。在治疗溺水相关肺炎时，抗生素应该对类似在浸水的水体中发现的细菌有效。
