Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychology, University of Southern California, California 90032 CA, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2011 Aug;8(8):3399-415. doi: 10.3390/ijerph8083399. Epub 2011 Aug 18.
Research over the last two decades suggests that a wide range of substance and behavioral addictions may serve similar functions. Yet, co-occurrence of addictions has only been reported among a minority of addicts. "Addiction specificity" pertains to a phenomenon in which one pattern of addictive behaviors may be acquired whereas another is not. This paper presents the PACE model as a framework which might help explain addiction specificity. Pragmatics, attraction, communication, and expectation (PACE) variables are described, which may help give some direction to future research needs in this arena.
过去二十年的研究表明，广泛的物质和行为成瘾可能具有类似的功能。然而，成瘾的同时发生仅在少数成瘾者中报告过。“成瘾特异性”是指一种现象，即一种成瘾行为模式可能被习得，而另一种则不然。本文提出 PACE 模型作为一个框架，可以帮助解释成瘾特异性。描述了语用学、吸引力、沟通和期望（PACE）变量，这可能有助于为该领域未来的研究需求指明一些方向。
