Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Alhambra, 91803, USA.
Eval Health Prof. 2011 Mar;34(1):3-56. doi: 10.1177/0163278710380124. Epub 2010 Sep 27.
An increasing number of research studies over the last three decades suggest that a wide range of substance and process addictions may serve similar functions. The current article considers 11 such potential addictions (tobacco, alcohol, illicit drugs, eating, gambling, Internet, love, sex, exercise, work, and shopping), their prevalence, and co-occurrence, based on a systematic review of the literature. Data from 83 studies (each study n = at least 500 subjects) were presented and supplemented with small-scale data. Depending on which assumptions are made, overall 12-month prevalence of an addiction among U.S. adults varies from 15% to 61%. The authors assert that it is most plausible that 47% of the U.S. adult population suffers from maladaptive signs of an addictive disorder over a 12-month period and that it may be useful to think of addictions as due to problems of lifestyle as well as to person-level factors.
过去三十年来，越来越多的研究表明，广泛的物质和行为成瘾可能具有类似的功能。本文基于对文献的系统回顾，考虑了 11 种潜在的成瘾行为（烟草、酒精、非法药物、饮食、赌博、互联网、爱、性、运动、工作和购物），探讨了它们的流行程度和共病情况。来自 83 项研究（每项研究 n 至少为 500 名受试者）的数据被呈现出来，并补充了小规模数据。根据所做的假设，美国成年人在 12 个月内的总体成瘾患病率从 15%到 61%不等。作者断言，最有可能的情况是，在 12 个月的时间里，47%的美国成年人出现了适应不良的成瘾迹象，将成瘾视为生活方式问题以及个体因素所致可能是有用的。
