Hinkelbein J, Spelten O, Wetsch W A
Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Köln (AöR), Kerpener Straße 62, 50937 Köln.
Unfallchirurg. 2013 Jan;116(1):74-9. doi: 10.1007/s00113-011-2084-9.
Up to 32.2% of patients in a burn center suffer from electrical injuries. Of these patients, 2-4% present with lightning injuries. In Germany, approximately 50 people per year are injured by a lightning strike and 3-7 fatally. Typically, people involved in outdoor activities are endangered and affected. A lightning strike usually produces significantly higher energy doses as compared to those in common electrical injuries. Therefore, injury patterns vary significantly. Especially in high voltage injuries and lightning injuries, internal injuries are of special importance. Mortality ranges between 10 and 30% after a lightning strike. Emergency medical treatment is similar to common electrical injuries. Patients with lightning injuries should be transported to a regional or supraregional trauma center. In 15% of all cases multiple people may be injured. Therefore, it is of outstanding importance to create emergency plans and evacuation plans in good time for mass gatherings endangered by possible lightning.
在烧伤中心，高达32.2%的患者遭受电击伤。其中，2%-4%的患者为雷击伤。在德国，每年约有50人遭雷击受伤，3-7人死亡。通常，参与户外活动的人面临危险并受到影响。与普通电击伤相比，雷击通常会产生高得多的能量剂量。因此，损伤模式差异很大。特别是在高压电损伤和雷击伤中，内伤尤为重要。雷击后的死亡率在10%至30%之间。紧急医疗救治与普通电击伤相似。雷击伤患者应被送往地区或超地区创伤中心。在所有病例中，15%的情况可能涉及多人受伤。因此，及时为可能遭受雷击危险的大型集会制定应急预案和疏散计划非常重要。
