Harvard School of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston, MA, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 2011 Oct;53(10):1155-60. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31822c9e47.
Evaluate the association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in firefighters.
Cross-sectional study of 968 male career firefighters. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by maximal exercise tolerance tests. Cardiovascular disease risk parameters included body composition, resting vital signs, and metabolic profiles. Group comparisons were performed using χ test, analysis of variance, and general linear regression with/without adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI).
Higher metabolic equivalents categories were significantly associated with lower diastolic blood pressure, body fat, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total/high-density cholesterol ratio, and higher high-density lipoprotein (P ≤ 0.0272, age and BMI adjusted).
Increasing CRF has beneficial independent effects on CVD risk factor profiles among firefighters. Higher CRF was beneficial regardless of BMI; nevertheless, increasing BMI had strong independent unfavorable effects. Firefighters should be encouraged to increase their CRF to decrease their future risk of CVD.
评估心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素与消防员心肺功能（CRF）之间的关联。
对 968 名男性职业消防员进行横断面研究。心肺功能通过最大运动耐量测试进行测量。心血管疾病风险参数包括身体成分、静息生命体征和代谢特征。使用 χ 检验、方差分析和有/无年龄和体重指数（BMI）调整的一般线性回归进行组间比较。
较高的代谢当量类别与舒张压、体脂、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和总/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值降低，高密度脂蛋白升高显著相关（P≤0.0272，年龄和 BMI 调整后）。
CRF 升高对消防员 CVD 风险因素谱具有独立的有益影响。无论 BMI 如何，较高的 CRF 都有益；然而，BMI 的增加具有独立的不利影响。应鼓励消防员提高 CRF，以降低未来患 CVD 的风险。
