Eisenmann Joey C, Welk Gregory J, Wickel Eric E, Blair Steven N
Department of Health and Human Performance, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Int J Pediatr Obes. 2007;2(2):66-72. doi: 10.1080/17477160601133713.
The purpose of this study was to examine differences in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors across four cross-tabulated groups of cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index in 8- to 18-year-old children and adolescents.
The sample included 296 boys and 188 girls (mean age=15.7 years) participating in the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study. Participants were cross tabulated into four groups using a median split of age-adjusted treadmill time to exhaustion (TM) and body mass index (BMI). Group differences in CVD risk factors (blood pressure [BP], fasting total cholesterol [TC], low density lipoprotein-cholesterol [LDL-C], high density lipoprotein-cholesterol [HDL-C], TC:HDL-C, triglycerides [TG], glucose, and a metabolic syndrome score) were examined by ANCOVA, controlling for age.
In males, significant differences across groups were observed for systolic BP, mean arterial pressure (MAP), TC, LDL-C, TC:HDL-C and the metabolic syndrome score (p<0.05). In females, only TG was significantly different across groups (p<0.05). A trend for significance was also observed for DBP and TG in males (p=0.09 to 0.11) and diastolic BP, MAP, HDL-C, and the metabolic syndrome score in females (p=0.14 to 0.16). In general, males and females in the low BMI group, either fit or unfit, had lower BP and blood lipid values than those in the high BMI group. In both sexes, the high BMI/low fit group had the highest (most adverse) metabolic syndrome score.
This study utilized a unique approach to examine the possible interaction of fitness and fatness on CVD risk factors in children and adolescents. The results provide some evidence for the consideration of both variables when interpreting CVD risk factors in young people.
本研究旨在调查8至18岁儿童及青少年中，根据心肺适能和体重指数交叉划分的四组人群在心血管疾病（CVD）风险因素方面的差异。
样本包括参与有氧运动中心纵向研究的296名男孩和188名女孩（平均年龄 = 15.7岁）。参与者通过年龄调整后的跑步机力竭时间（TM）和体重指数（BMI）的中位数划分，交叉分为四组。通过协方差分析（ANCOVA）检验心血管疾病风险因素（血压[BP]、空腹总胆固醇[TC]、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇[LDL-C]、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇[HDL-C]、TC:HDL-C、甘油三酯[TG]、血糖和代谢综合征评分）的组间差异，并对年龄进行控制。
在男性中，收缩压、平均动脉压（MAP）、TC、LDL-C、TC:HDL-C和代谢综合征评分在各组间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。在女性中，只有TG在各组间存在显著差异（p<0.05）。男性的舒张压和TG（p = 0.09至0.11）以及女性的舒张压、MAP、HDL-C和代谢综合征评分（p = 0.14至0.16）也观察到显著趋势。总体而言，低BMI组的男性和女性，无论健康与否，其血压和血脂值均低于高BMI组。在两性中，高BMI/低健康组的代谢综合征评分最高（最不利）。
本研究采用独特方法，研究健康状况和肥胖对儿童及青少年心血管疾病风险因素的可能相互作用。研究结果为在解释年轻人的心血管疾病风险因素时考虑这两个变量提供了一些证据。
