Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2011;40(5):668-76. doi: 10.1080/15374416.2011.597090.
This study investigated whether the bystanders' behaviors (reinforcing the bully vs. defending the victim) in bullying situations are related to the frequency of bullying in a classroom. The sample consisted of 6,764 primary school children from Grades 3 to 5 (9-11 years of age), who were nested within 385 classrooms in 77 schools. The students filled out Internet-based questionnaires in their schools' computer labs. The results from multilevel models showed that defending the victim was negatively associated with the frequency of bullying in a classroom, whereas the effect of reinforcing the bully was positive and strong. The results suggest that bystander responses influence the frequency of bullying, which makes them suitable targets for antibullying interventions.
本研究旨在探讨在欺凌情境中，旁观者的行为（强化欺凌者与保护受害者）是否与课堂欺凌的频率有关。样本包括来自 77 所学校的 385 个班级的 6764 名 3 至 5 年级（9-11 岁）小学生。学生们在学校的计算机实验室通过互联网填写问卷。多层次模型的结果表明，保护受害者与课堂欺凌的频率呈负相关，而强化欺凌者的效果则是积极且强烈的。研究结果表明，旁观者的反应会影响欺凌的频率，因此他们是欺凌干预的合适目标。
