Wegman D H, Fine L J
Department of Work Environment, College of Engineering, University of Lowell, MA 01854.
Annu Rev Public Health. 1990;11:89-103. doi: 10.1146/annurev.pu.11.050190.000513.
Where have we come since the Occupational Safety and Health Act was passed in 1970? Have we made progress in this country toward "safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women?" Many hazardous exposures that were prevalent before the creation of NIOSH, OSHA, and MSHA have been reduced. Exposure to asbestos, coal dust, silica, lead, and cotton dust are common examples. Through OSHA's Hazard Communication Standard and state Right to Know laws as well as an increase in the dissemination of information, the average employer and worker today is better informed of specific hazards on the job, and more attentive to safety measures. However, the high toll of work related disease and injuries continues today.
自1970年《职业安全与健康法》通过以来，我们取得了哪些进展？在这个国家，我们在实现“为男女工人提供安全健康的工作条件”方面取得进步了吗？在国家职业安全与健康研究所、职业安全与健康管理局以及矿山安全与健康管理局成立之前普遍存在的许多有害暴露情况已有所减少。接触石棉、煤尘、二氧化硅、铅和棉尘就是常见的例子。通过职业安全与健康管理局的《危害告知标准》、各州的知情权法律以及信息传播的增加，如今普通雇主和工人对工作中的特定危害有了更充分的了解，并且对安全措施也更加关注。然而，与工作相关的疾病和伤害造成的惨重代价如今仍在持续。
