INSERM, UMR 915, IRT - UN L'institut du thorax, 8 quai Moncousu, BP 70721, 44007 Nantes Cedex 1, France.
INRA, UR1368, Biopolymeres Interactions Assemblies, Rue de La Géraudière, BP 71627, 44316 Nantes, France.
Br J Nutr. 2012 May;107(9):1305-15. doi: 10.1017/S0007114511004387. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
Glucose intolerance and dyslipidaemia are independent risk factors for endothelium dysfunction and CVD. The aim of the present study was to analyse the preventive effect of n-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) on lipid and carbohydrate disturbances and endothelial dysfunction. Three groups of adult hamsters were studied for 20 weeks: (1) control diet (Control); (2) high-fat diet (HF); (3) high-fat diet enriched with n-3 PUFA (HFn-3) groups. The increase in body weight and fat mass in the HF compared to the Control group (P < 0.05) was not found in the HFn-3 group. Muscle TAG content was similar in the Control and HF groups, but significantly lower in the HFn-3 group (P = 0.008). Glucose tolerance was impaired in the HF compared to the Control group, but this impairment was prevented by n-3 PUFA in the HFn-3 group (P < 0.001). Plasma TAG and cholesterol were higher in the HF group compared to the Control group (P < 0.001), but lower in the HFn-3 group compared to the HF group (P < 0.001). HDL-cholesterol was lower in the HFn-3 group compared to the Control and HF groups (P < 0.0005). Hepatic secretion of TAG was lower in the HFn-3 group compared to the HF group (P < 0.005), but did not differ from the Control group. Hepatic gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 and stearyl CoA desaturase 1 was lower in the HFn-3 group, whereas carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 and scavenger receptor class B type 1 expression was higher (P < 0.05). In adipocytes and adipose macrophages, PPARγ and TNFα expression was higher in the HF and HFn-3 groups compared to the Control group. Endothelium relaxation was higher in the HFn-3 (P < 0.001) than in the HF and Control groups, and was correlated with glucose intolerance (P = 0.03) and cholesterol (P = 0.0003). In conclusion, n-3 PUFA prevent some metabolic disturbances induced by high-fat diet and improve endothelial function in hamsters.
葡萄糖耐量异常和血脂异常是内皮功能障碍和心血管疾病的独立危险因素。本研究旨在分析 n-3PUFA（EPA 和 DHA）对脂质和碳水化合物紊乱及内皮功能障碍的预防作用。研究了三组成年仓鼠 20 周：（1）对照饮食（Control）；（2）高脂肪饮食（HF）；（3）富含 n-3PUFA 的高脂肪饮食（HFn-3）组。与 Control 组相比，HF 组体重和脂肪质量增加（P < 0.05），但在 HFn-3 组未发现这种增加。Control 组和 HF 组的肌肉 TAG 含量相似，但 HFn-3 组显著降低（P = 0.008）。与 Control 组相比，HF 组的葡萄糖耐量受损，但这种损害在 HFn-3 组中得到了预防（P < 0.001）。与 Control 组相比，HF 组的血浆 TAG 和胆固醇更高（P < 0.001），但 HFn-3 组更低（P < 0.001）。与 Control 组和 HF 组相比，HDL-胆固醇在 HFn-3 组中更低（P < 0.0005）。与 HF 组相比，HFn-3 组的肝TAG 分泌降低（P < 0.005），但与 Control 组无差异。与 Control 组相比，HFn-3 组的固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1c、二酰基甘油 O-酰基转移酶 2 和硬脂酰辅酶 A 去饱和酶 1 的肝基因表达降低，而肉碱棕榈酰转移酶 1 和清道夫受体 B 型 1 的表达升高（P < 0.05）。在脂肪细胞和脂肪巨噬细胞中，PPARγ 和 TNFα 的表达在 HF 组和 HFn-3 组中高于 Control 组。与 HF 组和 Control 组相比，HFn-3 组的血管舒张功能更高（P < 0.001），且与葡萄糖耐量异常（P = 0.03）和胆固醇（P = 0.0003）相关。总之，n-3PUFA 可预防高脂肪饮食引起的部分代谢紊乱，并改善仓鼠的内皮功能。
