Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Box G-S121-5, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2012 Jun;26(2):338-44. doi: 10.1037/a0025571. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
This study examines possible synergistic effects of alcohol-related events and postevent assessments on changes in college student readiness to change alcohol use, frequency of alcohol use, and negative consequences. Students were participants in a longitudinal study of drinking behavior. A portion of those reporting negative alcohol events/consequences (e.g., injury, vomiting, memory loss) during the parent study were randomly selected to participate in the present study (n = 492) and randomized to a postevent assessment (n = 296) or a no-assessment control (n = 196). Participants in the postevent assessment group were interviewed soon after their event, and participants in both conditions were interviewed three months after their event. Linear regression models showed higher 3-month readiness to change alcohol use in participants who received a postevent assessment than those who did not. There were reductions in drinking days, heavy drinking days, and further consequences postevent, but no differences by assessment group. However, female participants showed greater reductions in drinking days and heavy drinking days if they were assigned to assessment compared to control. There also was greater postevent reduction in drinking days among assessment group participants with high precollege alcohol severity compared to low precollege alcohol severity. Conversely, participants who reported high aversiveness of their event and were in the control group showed greater reduction in heavy drinking days than those assigned to the assessment group. Findings suggest that college student heavy drinking is reactive to alcohol events, whereas reactivity to postevent assessments may depend on gender, alcohol severity, and event aversiveness. This work highlights the importance of considering possible interactions among extratherapeutic factors in clinical outcome research.
本研究考察了与酒精相关的事件和事件后评估对大学生改变饮酒习惯、饮酒频率和负面后果的准备程度变化的协同作用。学生是一项关于饮酒行为的纵向研究的参与者。在主要研究期间报告了负面酒精事件/后果（例如，受伤、呕吐、记忆丧失）的学生中有一部分被随机选择参加本研究（n = 492），并随机分配到事件后评估（n = 296）或无评估对照组（n = 196）。接受事件后评估的参与者在事件发生后不久接受了访谈，而两种情况的参与者都在事件发生三个月后接受了访谈。线性回归模型显示，接受事件后评估的参与者在三个月时改变饮酒习惯的意愿更高。事件后饮酒天数、重度饮酒天数和进一步的后果都有所减少，但评估组之间没有差异。然而，如果女性参与者被分配到评估组而不是对照组，她们的饮酒天数和重度饮酒天数会减少更多。此外，与低大学生酒精严重程度相比，评估组中具有较高大学生前酒精严重程度的参与者在事件后，饮酒天数的减少更为明显。相反，报告对事件的高度厌恶且处于对照组的参与者比被分配到评估组的参与者在重度饮酒天数上的减少更为明显。研究结果表明，大学生重度饮酒对酒精事件有反应，而对事件后评估的反应可能取决于性别、酒精严重程度和事件厌恶程度。这项工作强调了在临床结果研究中考虑治疗外因素之间可能存在的相互作用的重要性。
