Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
Headache. 2012 Apr;52(4):592-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1526-4610.2011.02001.x. Epub 2011 Sep 19.
To determine the 1-year prevalence of headache and clinical characteristics of primary headaches among school children in South Korea.
Many population-based studies have estimated the 1-year prevalence of headache, migraine, and tension-type headache (TTH). The results of those studies vary in terms of race and region. There have been few epidemiological population-based studies of headache in children and adolescents in Korea.
We conducted a cross-sectional school-based study of a randomized and proportional sample of 5360 boys and girls. All 180 sampled schools participated in this study. The questionnaires collected demographic data in addition to specific questions about headache according to the International Classification of Headache Disorder criteria, 2nd Edition. Valid questionnaires were returned by 94.1% of the sample population. Modified criteria changed the "duration" of migraine (>1 hour instead of 4 hours).
The prevalence of headache among school children was 29.1% (1465/5039) in South Korea. The prevalence of headache in girls (33.4%) was significantly higher than in boys (24.4%) (P<.001). The mean age of students with headaches (14.02±3.03) was significantly higher than students without headaches (12.73±3.36) (P <.001). The prevalence of headache according to region was 30.7% among students in urban, 31.2% in suburban, and 21.6% in rural areas. The prevalence of headache according to age was 20.8% among students ∼6-12 years, 32.0% ∼13-15 years, and 38.2% ∼16-18 years. The prevalence according to headache types was 8.7% (boys 7.0%, girls 10.3%) in migraine, 13.7% (boys 10.7%, girls 16.3%) in TTH, and 6.7% in others. The mean frequency, severity of headache, and duration of symptoms were significantly higher in girls than in boys (P<.001).
Recurrent primary headaches are quite prevalent among school-aged children and adolescents in South Korea, and the prevalence rates are similar to those reported elsewhere. TTH was more common than migraine. The prevalence of migraine headache increased with age. The prevalence rate of headache in students in urban and suburban areas was significantly higher than the rate of students in rural areas.
确定韩国在校儿童原发性头痛的 1 年患病率和临床特征。
许多基于人群的研究已经估算了头痛、偏头痛和紧张型头痛（TTH）的 1 年患病率。这些研究的结果在种族和地区方面存在差异。在韩国，针对儿童和青少年头痛的流行病学人群研究很少。
我们对随机抽取的 5360 名男女学生进行了一项基于学校的横断面研究，该样本具有代表性且比例适当。所有 180 所抽样学校均参与了这项研究。根据国际头痛疾病分类标准，第 2 版，调查问卷收集了除头痛特定问题以外的人口统计学数据。样本人群中，有 94.1%的人返回了有效问卷。修改后的标准将偏头痛的“持续时间”（1 小时以上，而不是 4 小时）。
韩国在校儿童头痛的患病率为 29.1%（5039 名中的 1465 名）。女孩（33.4%）的头痛患病率明显高于男孩（24.4%）（P<.001）。有头痛的学生的平均年龄（14.02±3.03）明显高于无头痛的学生（12.73±3.36）（P<.001）。按地区划分，城市地区学生的头痛患病率为 30.7%，郊区为 31.2%，农村为 21.6%。按年龄划分，6-12 岁学生的头痛患病率为 20.8%，13-15 岁学生为 32.0%，16-18 岁学生为 38.2%。按头痛类型划分，偏头痛患病率为 8.7%（男孩 7.0%，女孩 10.3%），TTH 患病率为 13.7%（男孩 10.7%，女孩 16.3%），其他类型头痛患病率为 6.7%。女性的头痛频率、严重程度和症状持续时间均明显高于男性（P<.001）。
复发性原发性头痛在韩国学龄儿童和青少年中相当普遍，其患病率与其他地方报道的相似。TTH 比偏头痛更常见。偏头痛头痛的患病率随年龄增长而增加。城市和郊区学生的头痛患病率明显高于农村地区学生。
